Ananyev Maxim, Poyker Michael, Tian Yuan
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England.
J Popul Econ. 2021;34(3):775-802. doi: 10.1007/s00148-021-00847-0. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
We document a causal effect of the conservative Fox News Channel in the USA on physical distancing during COVID-19 pandemic. We measure county-level mobility covering all US states and District of Columbia produced by GPS pings to 15-17 million smartphones and zip-code-level mobility using Facebook location data. Using the historical position of Fox News Channel in the cable lineup as the source of exogenous variation, we show that increased exposure to Fox News led to a smaller reduction in distance traveled and a smaller increase in the probability of staying home after the national emergency declaration in the USA. Our results show that slanted media can have a harmful effect on containment efforts during a pandemic by affecting people's behavior.
我们记录了美国保守派的福克斯新闻频道在新冠疫情期间对保持社交距离的因果影响。我们通过对1500万至1700万部智能手机的GPS定位来衡量覆盖美国所有州和哥伦比亚特区的县级人口流动情况,并利用脸书的位置数据来衡量邮政编码级别的人口流动情况。利用福克斯新闻频道在有线电视节目单中的历史位置作为外生变量来源,我们发现,在美国发布国家紧急声明后,接触福克斯新闻频道增多导致出行距离减少幅度较小,居家概率增加幅度较小。我们的结果表明,带有倾向性的媒体会通过影响人们的行为,对疫情期间的防控工作产生有害影响。