Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Molecules. 2021 Apr 30;26(9):2629. doi: 10.3390/molecules26092629.
The genus (Solanaceae) contains nine species of medicinal plants that have held both curative utility and cultural significance throughout history. This genus' particular bioactivity results from the enormous diversity of alkaloids it contains, making it a valuable study organism for many disciplines. Although contains mostly tropane alkaloids (such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine), indole, -carboline, and pyrrolidine alkaloids have also been identified. The tools available to explore specialized metabolism in plants have undergone remarkable advances over the past couple of decades and provide renewed opportunities for discoveries of new compounds and the genetic basis for their biosynthesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of studies on the alkaloids of that focuses on three questions: How do we find and identify alkaloids? Where do alkaloids come from? What factors affect their presence and abundance? We also address pitfalls and relevant questions applicable to natural products and metabolomics researchers. With both careful perspectives and new advances in instrumentation, the pace of alkaloid discovery-from not just -has the potential to accelerate dramatically in the near future.
（茄科）属包含九种药用植物，这些植物在历史上一直具有治疗功效和文化意义。该属的特殊生物活性源于其所含的大量生物碱，使其成为许多学科的有价值的研究对象。虽然 属主要含有托烷生物碱（如莨菪碱和东莨菪碱）、吲哚、-咔啉和吡咯烷生物碱，但也已鉴定出。在过去的几十年中，探索植物特殊代谢的工具取得了显著进展，为发现新化合物及其生物合成的遗传基础提供了新的机会。本文综述了茄科属生物碱的研究，重点关注三个问题：我们如何发现和鉴定生物碱？生物碱从何而来？哪些因素影响它们的存在和丰度？我们还讨论了适用于天然产物和代谢组学研究人员的陷阱和相关问题。通过谨慎的观点和仪器的新进展，不仅是 -的生物碱发现速度在不久的将来有可能大幅加快。
