Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324, India.
Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Plant Genome. 2021 Jul;14(2):e20098. doi: 10.1002/tpg2.20098. Epub 2021 May 5.
In recent years, generation of large-scale data from genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, epigenome, and others, has become routine in several plant species. Most of these datasets in different crop species, however, were studied independently and as a result, full insight could not be gained on the molecular basis of complex traits and biological networks. A systems biology approach involving integration of multiple omics data, modeling, and prediction of the cellular functions is required to understand the flow of biological information that underlies complex traits. In this context, systems biology with multiomics data integration is crucial and allows a holistic understanding of the dynamic system with the different levels of biological organization interacting with external environment for a phenotypic expression. Here, we present recent progress made in the area of various omics studies-integrative and systems biology approaches with a special focus on application to crop improvement. We have also discussed the challenges and opportunities in multiomics data integration, modeling, and understanding of the biology of complex traits underpinning yield and stress tolerance in major cereals and legumes.
近年来，在基因组、转录组、蛋白质组、代谢组、表观基因组等领域，从多个植物物种中产生大规模数据已成为常规。然而，大多数这些数据集是在不同的作物物种中独立研究的，因此，无法全面了解复杂性状和生物网络的分子基础。需要一种系统生物学方法，涉及多个组学数据的整合、建模和细胞功能的预测，以了解复杂性状的生物学信息的流动。在这种情况下，多组学数据整合的系统生物学至关重要，允许从不同的生物组织层次上对动态系统进行整体理解，并与外部环境相互作用以进行表型表达。在这里，我们介绍了在各种组学研究中取得的最新进展——综合和系统生物学方法，特别关注其在作物改良中的应用。我们还讨论了多组学数据整合、建模以及理解主要谷类作物和豆类作物产量和耐胁迫性的复杂性状生物学方面的挑战和机遇。
