Rynhoud Hester, Forde Brian M, Beatson Scott A, Abraham Sam, Meler Erika, Soares Magalhães Ricardo J, Gibson Justine S
School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia.
School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Apr 23;8:620491. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.620491. eCollection 2021.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSP) clinical and colonizing isolates of dogs and cats to profile contributing factors associated with their isolation. Nasal and rectal samples were collected from dogs and cats between 2015 and 2017 to identify colonizing isolates. Clinical isolates collected between 2003 and 2016 were retrieved from a Queensland university veterinary diagnostic laboratory. All isolates were identified using standard microbiological and molecular methods and were characterized by whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic relationships and differences in epidemiological factors were investigated. Seventy-two MRSP isolates out of 1,460 colonizing samples and nine MRSP clinical isolates were identified. No MRSA was isolated. ST496 and ST749 were the most commonly isolated sequence types with different SCCmec types. ST496 clones spread both along the coast and more inland where ST749 was more centered in Brisbane. The resistance and virulence factors differed significantly between the two sequence types. ST496 colonizing and clinical isolates were similarly multidrug resistant. The virulence genes of ST749 colonizing and clinical isolates were similar as both contained the gene for sialidase. There were no differences in the individual and clinical factors between predominant sequence types. High levels of antimicrobial resistance occurred in the majority of isolates, which is of potential concern to human and veterinary health. The phylogenetic clustering of isolates from this study and others previously identified in countries, particularly New Zealand, with which Australia has high volume of pet movements could suggest the importation of clones, which needs further investigation.
在本研究中，我们旨在调查犬猫耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRSP）临床分离株及定植分离株的分子流行病学，以剖析与其分离相关的影响因素。于2015年至2017年间采集犬猫的鼻拭子和直肠拭子样本，以鉴定定植分离株。2003年至2016年间收集的临床分离株取自昆士兰大学兽医诊断实验室。所有分离株均采用标准微生物学和分子方法进行鉴定，并通过全基因组测序进行特征分析。研究了系统发育关系和流行病学因素的差异。在1460份定植样本中鉴定出72株MRSP分离株和9株MRSP临床分离株。未分离到MRSA。ST496和ST749是最常分离出的序列类型，具有不同的葡萄球菌盒式染色体mec（SCCmec）类型。ST496克隆株沿海岸线及更内陆地区传播，而ST749更集中于布里斯班。两种序列类型之间的耐药性和毒力因子存在显著差异。ST496定植分离株和临床分离株同样具有多重耐药性。ST749定植分离株和临床分离株的毒力基因相似，均含有唾液酸酶基因。主要序列类型之间的个体因素和临床因素无差异。大多数分离株呈现高水平的抗菌药物耐药性，这对人类和兽医健康都存在潜在风险。本研究中的分离株与之前在其他国家（尤其是新西兰）鉴定出的分离株的系统发育聚类情况表明，鉴于澳大利亚与这些国家之间宠物流动量大，可能存在克隆株的输入，这需要进一步调查。
