Martínez-Vázquez Ana V, Vázquez-Villanueva Jose, Leyva-Zapata Luis M, Barrios-García Hugo, Rivera Gildardo, Bocanegra-García Virgilio
Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Mexico.
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Mexico.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Apr 23;8:643802. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.643802. eCollection 2021.
In this work, the antimicrobial resistance profile of strains ( = 248) isolated from bovine feces and carcass samples from Tamaulipas, Mexico, was evaluated. Susceptibility to 12 antibiotics conventionally used in human and veterinary treatments was determined according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Genes encoding resistance to tetracycline ( and ), streptomycin (A), aminoglycoside (A), and β-lactamase ( and ) were investigated by PCR. Also, 1, 2, , and A encoding virulence factors were determined. Of the isolates, 85.9% were confirmed as strains. Among the 213 isolates tested, 94.8% (202/213) showed resistance for at least one antimicrobial, mainly ampicillin (83.0%; 177/213), cephalothin (76.0%; 162/213), and tetracyclines (69.0%; 147/213). In all the other antibiotics tested, the resistance percentage was below 36%. A multidrug-resistant phenotype was found in 72.7% of the tested strains. The presence of the gene (A or B) was detected in 43.1% of the isolates, the A gene in 17.3%, and A1 in 51.6%. The and genes were found in 10.3 and 0.4% of the isolates, respectively. 1 was detected in 4.2% of isolates, 2 in 7.0, and A in 2.8%. The virulence genes, and , were not detected in any strain. These results indicate that Tamaulipas food products of bovine origin can be a source of multiresistant strains for the environment and exposure for consumers.
在这项研究中，对从墨西哥塔毛利帕斯州的牛粪便和胴体样本中分离出的菌株（=248）的抗菌药物耐药性进行了评估。根据临床和实验室标准协会的指南，确定了对12种常用于人类和兽医治疗的抗生素的敏感性。通过PCR研究了编码对四环素（和）、链霉素（A）、氨基糖苷类（A）和β-内酰胺酶（和）耐药的基因。此外，还确定了编码毒力因子的1、2、和A。在分离出的菌株中，85.9%被确认为菌株。在测试的213株菌株中，94.8%（202/213）对至少一种抗菌药物耐药，主要是氨苄青霉素（83.0%；177/213）、头孢噻吩（76.0%；162/213）和四环素（69.0%；147/213）。在所有其他测试的抗生素中，耐药百分比低于36%。在72.7%的测试菌株中发现了多重耐药表型。在43.1%的分离株中检测到基因（A或B），A基因在17.3%的分离株中被检测到，A1在51.6%的分离株中被检测到。和基因分别在10.3%和0.4%的分离株中被发现。在4.2%的分离株中检测到1，7.0%的分离株中检测到2，2.8%的分离株中检测到A。在任何菌株中均未检测到毒力基因和。这些结果表明，塔毛利帕斯州的牛源食品可能是环境中多重耐药菌株的来源，并会使消费者接触到这些菌株。
