Division of Chemical Pathology, Pathology Department, University of Cape Town Health Science Faculty, Anzio Rd, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2021 May 10;23(7):34. doi: 10.1007/s11883-021-00933-4.
The functions, genetic variations and impact of apolipoprotein E on lipoprotein metabolism in general are placed in the context of clinical practice dealing with moderate dyslipidaemia as well as dysbetalipoproteinemia, a highly atherogenic disorder and lipoprotein glomerulopathy.
Additional variants of apolipoprotein E and participation of apolipoprotein E in inflammation are of interest. The mostly favourable effects of apolipoprotein E2 as well as the atherogenic nature of apolipoproteinE4, which has an association with cognitive impairment, are confirmed. The contribution of remnant lipoproteins of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, of which dysbetalipoproteinemia represents an extreme, is explored in atherosclerosis. Mimetic peptides may present new therapeutic approaches. Apolipoprotein E is an important determinant of the lipid profile and cardiovascular health in the population at large and can precipitate dysbetalipoproteinemia and glomerulopathy. Awareness of apolipoprotein E polymorphisms should improve medical care.
载脂蛋白 E 的功能、遗传变异及其对脂蛋白代谢的影响，结合临床实践，讨论了中度血脂异常以及β脂蛋白血症（一种高度动脉粥样硬化性疾病和脂蛋白肾小球病）的处理。
载脂蛋白 E 的其他变体及其在炎症中的参与引起了人们的关注。载脂蛋白 E2 的作用主要是有利的，而载脂蛋白 E4 具有致动脉粥样硬化性，与认知障碍有关，这一点得到了证实。β脂蛋白血症是富含甘油三酯脂蛋白的残粒脂蛋白的极端表现，在动脉粥样硬化中对其进行了探讨。模拟肽可能提供新的治疗方法。载脂蛋白 E 是人群脂质谱和心血管健康的重要决定因素，可引发β脂蛋白血症和肾小球病。对载脂蛋白 E 多态性的认识应能改善医疗服务。
