Health School, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
BMC Neurol. 2021 May 11;21(1):193. doi: 10.1186/s12883-021-02213-9.
In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), the disease's complications and manifestations affect a person's ability to function normally and leads to further disruptions in their education, family life, job opportunities, and daily life activities, thereby reduce their quality of life. Different factors as facilitators or inhibitors affect the quality of life in patients with MS. This study aimed to explain the facilitators of quality of life in patients with MS.
This research applied qualitative methodology, utilizing semi-structured interviews with individuals with MS and their family members/caregivers. Purposeful sampling was done among people who referred to Isfahan MS Association. Participants were selected with a maximum variation in terms of gender, age, education, occupation and marital status. Interviews were continued to reach data saturation. The gathered data were concurrently analyzed by the content analysis technique. MAXQDA software version 10 was used for data management.
Saturation was reached after eighteen interviews. A total of three main categories and 8 sub-categories were extracted from the data. The identified facilitators were: personal facilitators (leisure time and coping strategies), interpersonal facilitators (exercise therapy, social support and social organizations) and needs and suggestions for improvement (family therapy, adopting urban architecture and facilities, and supportive systems).
Based on these findings, in order to improve the quality of life in patients with MS, we should pay attention to factors such as leisure time, spirituality and positive thinking, exercise, social support and social organizations. Health professionals, the government, community and families could help to improve patients' quality of life through adapting urban architecture, holding family therapy sessions and providing supportive systems.
在多发性硬化症（MS）患者中，疾病的并发症和表现会影响其正常功能，导致其在教育、家庭生活、工作机会和日常生活活动方面进一步受到干扰，从而降低其生活质量。不同的因素作为促进因素或抑制因素会影响 MS 患者的生活质量。本研究旨在解释 MS 患者生活质量的促进因素。
本研究采用定性方法，对 MS 患者及其家属/照顾者进行半结构式访谈。采用目的抽样法，从伊斯法罕 MS 协会的患者中进行抽样。参与者的选择在性别、年龄、教育、职业和婚姻状况方面存在最大差异。访谈持续进行，直至达到数据饱和。采用内容分析法对收集到的数据进行分析。使用 MAXQDA 软件版本 10 进行数据管理。
经过 18 次访谈后达到了饱和。从数据中提取了三个主要类别和 8 个亚类别。确定的促进因素包括：个人促进因素（休闲时间和应对策略）、人际促进因素（运动疗法、社会支持和社会组织）和需求及改进建议（家庭疗法、采用城市建筑和设施以及支持系统）。
基于这些发现，为了提高 MS 患者的生活质量，我们应该关注休闲时间、精神和积极思维、运动、社会支持和社会组织等因素。卫生专业人员、政府、社区和家庭可以通过适应城市建筑、举办家庭治疗会议和提供支持系统来帮助改善患者的生活质量。
