School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
ARC Research Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2021 Oct;18(10):1355-1378. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1928071. Epub 2021 May 18.
:Titanium (Ti) and their alloys are used as main implant materials in orthopedics and dentistry for decades having superior mechanical properties, chemical stability and biocompatibility. Their rejections due lack of biointegration and bacterial infection are concerning with considerable healthcare costs and impacts on patients. To address these limitations, conventional Ti implants need improvements where the use of surface nanoengineering approaches and the development of a new generation of implants are recognized as promising strategies.:This review presents an overview of recent progress on the application of surface engineering methods to advance Ti implants enable to address their key limitations. Several promising surface engineering strategies are presented and critically discussed to generate advanced surface properties and nano-topographies (tubular, porous, pillars) able not only to improve their biointegration, antibacterial performances, but also to provide multiple functions such as drug delivery, therapy, sensing, communication and health monitoring underpinning the development of new generation and smart medical implants.:Recent advances in cell biology, materials science, nanotechnology and additive manufacturing has progressively influencing improvements of conventional Ti implants toward the development of the next generation of implants with improved performances and multifunctionality. Current research and development are in early stage, but progressing with promising results and examples of moving into studies an translation into real applications.
钛（Ti）及其合金作为主要的植入材料在骨科和牙科领域已经使用了几十年，具有优异的机械性能、化学稳定性和生物相容性。由于缺乏生物整合和细菌感染，它们的排斥反应令人担忧，这会带来相当大的医疗成本和对患者的影响。为了解决这些限制，传统的钛植入物需要改进，其中表面纳米工程方法的使用和新一代植入物的开发被认为是有前途的策略。
本文综述了表面工程方法在推进钛植入物应用方面的最新进展，以解决其关键限制。提出并批判性地讨论了几种有前途的表面工程策略，以产生先进的表面特性和纳米形貌（管状、多孔、柱状），不仅能够提高其生物整合性和抗菌性能，还能够提供多种功能，如药物输送、治疗、传感、通信和健康监测，为新一代智能医疗植入物的发展奠定基础。
细胞生物学、材料科学、纳米技术和增材制造的最新进展逐渐影响着传统钛植入物的改进，朝着具有更好性能和多功能性的下一代植入物发展。目前的研究和开发仍处于早期阶段，但进展顺利，有令人鼓舞的结果和实例正在向实际应用转化。
