Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Faculty of Medicine, Zagrebačka 30, 52 100 Pula, Croatia.
Psychiatr Danub. 2021 May;33(Suppl 3):S331-S335.
No significant therapeutic solutions for advanced cancer are available to date. However, an old idea based on usage of tumor-specific antibodies as the basis for a new vaccination form in patients with advanced tumors, has attracted recent research and is possible due to development of personalized neoantigenic vaccines. Each tumour has indeed, its own mutation content, only a small percentage are shared between patients. Technological advances and the established genome databases, allowed for a rapid mapping of mutations in the genome. The latter allows for a rational selection of targets for personalized vaccines and on-demand production of customized therapy according to the patient's individual tumour properties. This article accordingly, summarizes basic principles of vaccines for personalized neoantigens, translational research and clinical studies related to these vaccines. Finally, the future of such therapy with personalized vaccines is discussed.
目前，对于晚期癌症尚无有效的治疗方法。然而，一个基于使用肿瘤特异性抗体作为晚期肿瘤患者新疫苗形式基础的老想法，最近引起了研究人员的关注，并且由于个性化新抗原疫苗的发展成为可能。实际上，每个肿瘤都有其自身的突变内容，只有一小部分在患者之间共享。技术进步和已建立的基因组数据库允许快速绘制基因组中的突变图谱。后者允许根据患者个体肿瘤特性，对个性化疫苗的靶标进行合理选择，并按需生成定制治疗。因此，本文总结了个性化新抗原疫苗的基本原则、相关的转化研究和临床研究。最后，讨论了这种个性化疫苗治疗的未来。
