Chen Xiaotong, Yang Ju, Wang Lifeng, Liu Baorui
The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Theranostics. 2020 May 15;10(13):6011-6023. doi: 10.7150/thno.38742. eCollection 2020.
Therapeutic cancer vaccines are one of the most promising strategies of immunotherapy. Traditional vaccines consisting of tumor-associated antigens have met with limited success. Recently, neoantigens derived from nonsynonymous mutations in tumor cells have emerged as alternatives that can improve tumor-specificity and reduce on-target off-tumor toxicity. Synthetic peptides are a common platform for neoantigen vaccines. It has been suggested that extending short peptides into long peptides can overcome immune tolerance and induce both CD4 and CD8 T cell responses. This review will introduce the history of long peptide-based neoantigen vaccines, discuss their advantages, summarize current preclinical and clinical developments, and propose future perspectives.
治疗性癌症疫苗是免疫疗法中最具前景的策略之一。由肿瘤相关抗原组成的传统疫苗取得的成功有限。最近，源自肿瘤细胞非同义突变的新抗原已成为可提高肿瘤特异性并降低靶向非肿瘤毒性的替代方案。合成肽是新抗原疫苗的常见平台。有人提出，将短肽延伸为长肽可克服免疫耐受并诱导CD4和CD8 T细胞反应。本综述将介绍基于长肽的新抗原疫苗的历史，讨论其优势，总结当前的临床前和临床进展，并提出未来展望。
