Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, 3 Toma Cozma Street, Iasi, România.
Eat Weight Disord. 2022 Mar;27(2):709-716. doi: 10.1007/s40519-021-01207-3. Epub 2021 May 22.
Fashion models and athletes are considered at risk for eating disorders, but research has produced mixed findings and little insight into psychological risk factors. Body-focused performance is common to both occupations, but emotional risk factors like alexithymia and body-image particularities have not been compared between them. This study aimed to: (1) examine the levels of alexithymia and affective states among female fashion models and athletes as body-performing occupations, and a control group, and (2) compare multidimensional body image and disordered eating among these groups.
Data from 351 females aged 16-30 were compared among three samples: fashion models (n = 88), student athletes (n = 84) and control students (n = 179), who completed measures for alexithymia, affective states, multidimensional body image, and disordered eating.
Fashion models had significantly lower alexithymia compared with the other groups, and lower negative affect than controls. Positive affect was significantly lower among controls than the other groups. Body image comparisons revealed significantly higher fitness evaluation and orientation in fashion models and athletes compared to controls. Fashion models had significantly higher appearance orientation than the other groups. Student athletes had significantly higher appearance evaluation than controls and higher fitness evaluation than fashion models. Disordered eating did not differ among groups.
Lower alexithymia among fashion models is discussed in the context of emotional labor and artistic public performance. The findings suggest that body-focused performance may have emotional benefits and may drive higher body-image investment and satisfaction.
Level III, case-control analytic study.
时装模特和运动员被认为有饮食失调的风险，但相关研究得出的结果喜忧参半，且很少深入探讨心理风险因素。身体表现是这两种职业共有的，但情感风险因素，如述情障碍和身体意象特质，在这两种职业之间尚未进行比较。本研究旨在：（1）比较女性时装模特和运动员（身体表现职业）与对照组的述情障碍和情绪状态水平；（2）比较这些群体的多维身体形象和饮食失调情况。
对 351 名年龄在 16-30 岁的女性进行了三个样本之间的数据比较：时装模特（n=88）、学生运动员（n=84）和对照组学生（n=179），她们完成了对述情障碍、情绪状态、多维身体形象和饮食失调的评估。
与其他两组相比，时装模特的述情障碍明显更低，负面情绪也明显低于对照组。与其他两组相比，对照组的积极情绪明显更低。身体形象比较显示，时装模特和运动员的健身评价和取向明显高于对照组。时装模特的外貌取向明显高于其他两组。与对照组相比，学生运动员的外貌评价更高，健身评价也高于时装模特。各组之间的饮食失调没有差异。
时装模特的述情障碍较低，这与情绪劳动和艺术公众表演有关。研究结果表明，身体表现可能具有情绪上的好处，并可能促使对身体形象的更高投入和满意度。
三级，病例对照分析研究。
