culture supplement ameliorates dyslipidemia and reduces visceral fat accumulation in type 2 diabetic rats.

Diabetic rats were daily fed with a high-cholesterol diet containing 1% or 3% freeze-dried whole submerged culture or its mycelia for 5 weeks. Body weight, adipose tissue weight and plasma triglyceride levels were reduced, while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were elevated in rats fed with powder supplement diets. Notably, supplements downregulated the activities of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and lipoprotein lipase, but upregulated the activity of hormone-sensitive lipase in the perirenal adipose tissues. Moreover, supplements increased the faecal triglyceride excretion. Therefore, daily supplementation of submerged culture, especially mycelia, can ameliorate dyslipidemia and reduce visceral fat accumulation in diabetic rats fed with a high-fat diet, which is closely related to the modulation of lipid synthesis, metabolism, and excretion.