Development of a Core Outcome Set for the Benefits and Adverse Events of Acute Heart Failure in Clinical Trials of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine: A Study Protocol.

To identify a minimum set of efficacy and adverse events for patients with acute heart failure (AHF) among different stakeholders in clinical trials of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. First, we will develop a preliminary long list of outcomes that includes efficacy and adverse events/reactions via three steps: (i) systematic reviews of efficacy and safety outcomes for clinical trials of AHF; (ii) drugs included in the National Medical Insurance Catalog, the National Essential Medicines Catalog, and the WHO Essential Medicines List will be collected and safety outcomes extracted from the package inserts; and (iii) patients' or caregivers' semi-structured interviews will be carried out to add new viewpoints to the list. Second, after merging outcomes and grouping them under different outcome domains, questionnaires for health professionals and patients will be separately developed. Further, two rounds of Delphi survey for health professionals and a survey for patients and the public will be carried out. Third, different stakeholders will discuss and determine the final core outcome set (COS) for AHF in a consensus meeting. The entire project has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the main institution. After the final COS is developed, it will be published and discussed widely in conferences. This study is registered with the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials database as study 1566 (available at: https://www.cometinitiative.org/Studies/Details/1566).