Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York.
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York.
Physiol Behav. 2021 Sep 1;238:113468. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113468. Epub 2021 May 24.
Exercise is a reinforcer for both animals and humans, as they will work progressively harder to gain access for the opportunity to exercise. Exercise activates brain reward pathways similar to drugs of abuse, and the magnitude of the reinforcing value of exercise is a predictor of exercise behavior. The majority of research on exercise reinforcement has studied moderate intensity aerobic exercise (MIAE) or resistance training. There is limited research on the relative reinforcing value (RRV) of high intensity interval training (HIIT), which is often reported to be a preferred form of exercise in comparison to MIAE. Experiment 1 was a pilot study of 20 sedentary females designed to compare the reliability of differences in RRV vs RRV over two sessions, assess protocols comparing different volumes of HIIT in comparison to MIAE, and estimate sample sizes needed for a fully powered study to assess which type of exercise protocol was a better substitute for a highly liked sedentary activity. Experiment 2 studied 44 participants to assess whether HIIT or MIAE would be better substitutes for highly liked sedentary activities. Experiment 1 showed that measures of RRV or RRV were reliable, and that volume of HIIT did not influence RRV, even if it was of equal amount or duration to MIAE. Experiment 2 showed that HIIT was a more preferred substitute for sedentary behaviors than MIAE. Predictors of RRV were liking of MIAE and pleasantness of affect post MIAE. These results suggest inactive people may find interval training to be more reinforcing than MIAE, and may be more likely to adopt and maintain an exercise program involving HIIT rather than MIAE. The next stage of research should be to understand how to sensitize the RRV of exercise to motivate sedentary people to be more active.
锻炼对动物和人类都是一种强化物，因为它们会更加努力地工作，以获得锻炼的机会。锻炼激活了类似于滥用药物的大脑奖励途径，而锻炼的强化价值的大小是预测锻炼行为的一个指标。大多数关于锻炼强化的研究都研究了中等强度的有氧运动（MIAE）或抗阻训练。高强度间歇训练（HIIT）的相对强化价值（RRV）的研究有限，与 MIAE 相比，HIIT 通常被报道为一种更受欢迎的运动形式。实验 1 是一项针对 20 名久坐女性的初步研究，旨在比较两次会话中 RRV 差异的可靠性，评估比较不同 HIIT 量与 MIAE 的方案，并估计进行完全加权研究所需的样本量，以评估哪种运动方案更能替代高度喜欢的久坐活动。实验 2 研究了 44 名参与者，以评估 HIIT 或 MIAE 是否更能替代高度喜欢的久坐活动。实验 1 表明，RRV 或 RRV 的测量值是可靠的，并且 HIIT 的量不会影响 RRV，即使它与 MIAE 的量或持续时间相等。实验 2 表明，HIIT 比 MIAE 更能替代久坐行为。RRV 的预测因素是对 MIAE 的喜爱和 MIAE 后情绪的愉悦度。这些结果表明，不活跃的人可能会发现间歇训练比 MIAE 更具强化作用，并且更有可能采用和维持涉及 HIIT 的锻炼计划，而不是 MIAE。下一阶段的研究应该是了解如何使锻炼的 RRV 更敏感，以激励久坐不动的人更加活跃。
