Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Food Chem. 2021 Oct 30;360:130145. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130145. Epub 2021 May 18.
Green leafy vegetables (GLVs) are a key element of healthy eating patterns and are an important source of lutein. To clarify the evidence for associations between GLVs and lutein intake and multiple health outcomes, we performed a review. A total of 24 meta-analyses with 29 health outcomes were identified by eligibility criteria. Dose-response analyses revealed that, per 100 g/d GLV intake was associated with a decreased risk (ca. 25%) of all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease and stroke. Beneficial effects of GLV intake were found for cardiovascular disease and bladder and oral cancer. Dietary lutein intake was inversely associated with age-related macular degeneration, age-related cataracts, coronary heart disease, stroke, oesophageal cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, metabolic syndrome, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Caution was warranted for contamination with potentially pathogenic organisms, specifically Escherichia coli. GLV consumption and lutein intake therein are generally safe and beneficial for multiple health outcomes in humans.
绿叶蔬菜（GLVs）是健康饮食模式的重要组成部分，也是叶黄素的重要来源。为了阐明 GLVs 和叶黄素摄入与多种健康结果之间的关联证据，我们进行了综述。通过资格标准，共确定了 24 项符合条件的 meta 分析，涉及 29 项健康结果。剂量反应分析表明，GLV 摄入量每增加 100g/d，全因死亡率、冠心病和中风的风险降低（约 25%）。GLV 摄入对心血管疾病以及膀胱癌和口腔癌有有益影响。膳食叶黄素摄入与年龄相关性黄斑变性、年龄相关性白内障、冠心病、中风、食管癌、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、代谢综合征和肌萎缩侧索硬化症呈负相关。需要注意的是，可能存在与潜在致病生物体的污染，特别是大肠杆菌。GLV 的消耗及其内含的叶黄素摄入通常对人类的多种健康结果是安全且有益的。
