Peetermans Arne, Foulquié-Moreno María R, Thevelein Johan M
Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium.
Center for Microbiology, VIB, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001, Leuven-Heverlee, Flanders, Belgium.
Microb Cell. 2021 Apr 14;8(6):111-130. doi: 10.15698/mic2021.06.751.
One of the major bottlenecks in lactic acid production using microbial fermentation is the detrimental influence lactic acid accumulation poses on the lactic acid producing cells. The accumulation of lactic acid results in many negative effects on the cell such as intracellular acidification, anion accumulation, membrane perturbation, disturbed amino acid trafficking, increased turgor pressure, ATP depletion, ROS accumulation, metabolic dysregulation and metal chelation. In this review, the manner in which deals with these issues will be discussed extensively not only for lactic acid as a singular stress factor but also in combination with other stresses. In addition, different methods to improve lactic acid tolerance in using targeted and non-targeted engineering methods will be discussed.
利用微生物发酵生产乳酸的主要瓶颈之一是乳酸积累对产乳酸细胞产生的有害影响。乳酸的积累会对细胞产生许多负面影响，如细胞内酸化、阴离子积累、膜扰动、氨基酸转运紊乱、膨压增加、ATP消耗、活性氧积累、代谢失调和金属螯合。在本综述中，不仅将广泛讨论应对这些问题的方式，不仅针对乳酸作为单一应激因素的情况，还将讨论其与其他应激因素共同作用的情况。此外，还将讨论使用靶向和非靶向工程方法提高细胞对乳酸耐受性的不同方法。
