Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Resident of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Eat Weight Disord. 2022 Mar;27(2):821-830. doi: 10.1007/s40519-021-01223-3. Epub 2021 May 31.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder and a common cause of infertility among women that is associated with low-grade inflammation. Therefore, the current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to assess the effects of green cardamom supplementation on the serum level of inflammatory markers and their gene expression among obese women with PCOS.
We included 194 obese women with PCOS and administered low-calorie diet to all of them. These subjects were randomly divided into two groups including the intervention group with 3 g/day green cardamom (n = 99) and the placebo group (n = 95). Anthropometric indices, androgen hormones, and inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were assessed before and after the 4-month intervention. TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP gene expression levels were measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.
Anthropometric indices were improved in both studied groups (P < 0.001). Among androgen hormones, luteinizing hormone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone were significantly decreased (P < 0.001), and follicle-stimulating hormone was significantly increased (P < 0.001) in the green cardamom group. Our findings showed that TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP serum levels were significantly decreased after the intervention with green cardamom plus low-calorie diet (P < 0.001). In addition, the expression levels of TNF-α and CRP genes were significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < 0.001).
The present study supports the beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of green cardamom on the inflammatory state in PCOS women.
Level I: randomized clinical trial. Trial registration This trial was registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: IRCT20200608047697N1). 1 August, 2020; https://www.irct.ir/trial/48748 .
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种内分泌紊乱疾病，也是女性不孕的常见原因，其与低度炎症有关。因此，本随机、双盲、安慰剂对照临床试验旨在评估小豆蔻补充剂对多囊卵巢综合征肥胖女性血清炎症标志物水平及其基因表达的影响。
我们纳入了 194 名多囊卵巢综合征肥胖女性，并对所有女性实施低热量饮食。这些女性被随机分为两组，干预组每天服用 3 克小豆蔻（n=99），安慰剂组（n=95）。在 4 个月的干预前后，评估了女性的人体测量学指标、雄激素激素和炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素 6（IL-6）和 C 反应蛋白（CRP）]。采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法测量 TNF-α、IL-6 和 CRP 基因的表达水平。
两组女性的人体测量学指标均有所改善（P<0.001）。在雄激素激素中，黄体生成素、雄烯二酮和脱氢表雄酮显著降低（P<0.001），卵泡刺激素显著增加（P<0.001）。研究结果表明，在小豆蔻联合低热量饮食干预后，TNF-α、IL-6 和 CRP 血清水平显著降低（P<0.001）。此外，干预组 TNF-α和 CRP 基因的表达水平也显著降低（P<0.001）。
本研究支持小豆蔻对多囊卵巢综合征女性炎症状态具有有益的抗炎作用。
I 级：随机临床试验。试验注册 本试验在伊朗临床试验注册中心（注册号：IRCT20200608047697N1）注册。2020 年 8 月 1 日；https://www.irct.ir/trial/48748。
