Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
Cells. 2021 May 21;10(6):1279. doi: 10.3390/cells10061279.
The endocannabinoid system is involved in a wide range of processes including the control of energy acquisition and expenditure. Endocannabinoids and their receptors are present in the central nervous system but also in peripheral tissues, notably the adipose tissues. The endocannabinoid system interacts with two main hormones regulating appetite, namely leptin and ghrelin. The inhibitory effect of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB) antagonist rimonabant on fat mass suggested that the endocannabinoid system can also have a peripheral action in addition to its effect on appetite reduction. Thus, several investigations have focused on the peripheral role of the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of metabolism. The white adipose tissue stores energy as triglycerides while the brown adipose tissue helps to dissipate energy as heat. The endocannabinoid system regulates several functions of the adipose tissues to favor energy accumulation. In this review we will describe the presence of the endocannabinoid system in the adipose tissue. We will survey the role of the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of white and brown adipose tissue metabolism and how the eCB system participates in obesity and metabolic diseases.
内源性大麻素系统参与了广泛的过程，包括能量获取和消耗的控制。内源性大麻素及其受体存在于中枢神经系统中，但也存在于外周组织中，特别是脂肪组织。内源性大麻素系统与调节食欲的两种主要激素——瘦素和胃饥饿素相互作用。大麻素受体 1（CB1）拮抗剂利莫那班对脂肪质量的抑制作用表明，内源性大麻素系统除了对食欲的影响外，还可以在外周发挥作用。因此，一些研究集中在内源性大麻素系统在代谢调节中的外周作用。白色脂肪组织将能量以甘油三酯的形式储存，而棕色脂肪组织则有助于以热量的形式消耗能量。内源性大麻素系统调节脂肪组织的多种功能，有利于能量积累。在这篇综述中，我们将描述内源性大麻素系统在脂肪组织中的存在。我们将调查内源性大麻素系统在调节白色和棕色脂肪组织代谢中的作用，以及内源性大麻素系统如何参与肥胖和代谢性疾病。
