Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Viruses. 2021 May 20;13(5):943. doi: 10.3390/v13050943.
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease of domestic swine with mortality rates approaching 100%. Devastating ASF outbreaks and continuing epidemics starting in the Caucasus region and now in the Russian Federation, Europe, China, and other parts of Southeast Asia (2007 to date) highlight its significance. ASF strain Georgia-07 and its derivatives are now endemic in extensive regions of Europe and Asia and are "out of Africa" forever, a situation that poses a grave if not an existential threat to the swine industry worldwide. While our current concern is Georgia-07, other emerging ASFV strains will threaten for the indefinite future. Economic analysis indicates that an ASF outbreak in the U.S. would result in approximately $15 billion USD in losses, assuming the disease is rapidly controlled and the U.S. is able to reenter export markets within two years. ASF's potential to spread and become endemic in new regions, its rapid and efficient transmission among pigs, and the relative stability of the causative agent ASF virus (ASFV) in the environment all provide significant challenges for disease control. Effective and robust methods, including vaccines for ASF response and recovery, are needed immediately.
非洲猪瘟（ASF）是一种急性病毒性出血性疾病，家猪死亡率接近 100%。毁灭性的 ASF 疫情和始于高加索地区并持续至今的疫情在俄罗斯联邦、欧洲、中国和东南亚其他地区（自 2007 年至今）突显了其重要性。ASF 格鲁吉亚 07 株及其衍生株现在在欧洲和亚洲的广泛地区流行，并且“永远离开了非洲”，这对全球养猪业构成了严重威胁，如果不是生存威胁的话。虽然我们目前关注的是格鲁吉亚 07 株，但其他新出现的 ASFV 株将在不确定的未来构成威胁。经济分析表明，如果美国迅速控制疫情并在两年内重新进入出口市场，ASF 爆发将导致约 150 亿美元的损失。ASF 在新地区传播和流行的潜力、其在猪群中的快速和有效传播以及病原体 ASF 病毒（ASFV）在环境中的相对稳定性都为疾病控制带来了重大挑战。需要立即采取有效的和强大的方法，包括 ASF 应对和恢复疫苗。
