Tian Ming, He Xinmiao, Feng Yanzhong, Wang Wentao, Chen Heshu, Gong Ming, Liu Di, Clarke Jihong Liu, van Eerde André
Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China.
The Breeding Center of Felid of Hengdao He Zi (Heilong Jiang) China, Siberia Tiger Park Heilongjiang, Harbin 150086, China.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 May 6;10(5):539. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10050539.
The demand for animal protein has increased considerably worldwide, especially in China, where large numbers of livestock and poultry are produced. Antibiotics have been widely applied to promote growth and prevent diseases. However, the overuse of antibiotics in animal feed has caused serious environmental and health risks, especially the wide spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which seriously affects animal and human health, food safety, ecosystems, and the sustainable future development of animal protein production. Unfortunately, AMR has already become a worldwide challenge, so international cooperation is becoming more important for combatting it. China's efforts and determination to restrict antibiotic usage through law enforcement and effective management are of significance. In this review, we address the pollution problems of antibiotics; in particular, the AMR in water, soil, and plants caused by livestock and poultry manure in China. The negative impact of widespread and intensive use of antibiotics in livestock production is discussed. To reduce and mitigate AMR problems, we emphasize in this review the development of antibiotic substitutes for the era of antibiotic prohibition.
全球对动物蛋白的需求大幅增长，尤其是在中国，这里养殖着大量的畜禽。抗生素已被广泛用于促进生长和预防疾病。然而，在动物饲料中过度使用抗生素已造成严重的环境和健康风险，特别是抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的广泛传播，这严重影响动物和人类健康、食品安全、生态系统以及动物蛋白生产的可持续未来发展。不幸的是，AMR已成为一个全球性挑战，因此国际合作对于应对它变得更加重要。中国通过执法和有效管理来限制抗生素使用的努力和决心具有重要意义。在本综述中，我们探讨抗生素的污染问题；特别是中国畜禽粪便在水、土壤和植物中造成的AMR。讨论了在畜牧生产中广泛和密集使用抗生素的负面影响。为了减少和缓解AMR问题，我们在本综述中强调在抗生素禁用时代开发抗生素替代品。
