Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for soil Molecular Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Scion, Christchurch, PO Box 29237, New Zealand.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Jan 15;230:102-109. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.074. Epub 2018 Sep 29.
Understanding the dynamics of veterinary antibiotic and related antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during swine manure composting is crucial in assessing the environmental risk of antibiotics, which could effectively reduce their impact in natural environments. This study investigated the dissipation of oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfamerazine (SM1) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) as well as the behaviour of their corresponding ARGs during swine manure composting. These antibiotics were added at two concentration levels and two different methods of addition (single/mixture). The results indicated that the removal efficiency of antibiotics by composting were ≥85%, except for the single-SM1 treatment. The tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) encoding ribosomal protection proteins (RPP) and efflux pump (EFP) and fluoroquinolone resistance genes (FRGs) could be effectively removed after 42 days. On the contrary, the TRGs encoding enzymatic inactivation (EI) and sulfonamide resistance genes (SRGs) were enriched up to 31-fold (sul 2 in single-low-SM1). Statistical analyses indicated that the behaviour of these class antibiotics and ARGs were controlled by microbial activity and significantly influenced by environmental factors (mainly C/N, moisture and pH) throughout the composting process.
了解兽医抗生素和相关抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）在猪粪堆肥过程中的动态变化对于评估抗生素的环境风险至关重要，这可以有效减少它们在自然环境中的影响。本研究调查了在猪粪堆肥过程中，土霉素（OTC）、磺胺甲恶唑（SM1）和环丙沙星（CIP）的消解情况及其相应的 ARGs 的行为。这些抗生素以两种浓度水平和两种不同的添加方式（单一/混合）添加。结果表明，除了单一添加 SM1 处理外，抗生素的堆肥去除效率均≥85%。编码核糖体保护蛋白（RPP）和外排泵（EFP）的四环素抗性基因（TRGs）和氟喹诺酮类抗性基因（FRGs）在 42 天后可有效去除。相反，编码酶失活（EI）和磺胺类抗性基因（SRGs）的 TRGs 被富集至 31 倍（单一低浓度 SM1 中的 sul2）。统计分析表明，这些类抗生素和 ARGs 的行为受微生物活性控制，并在整个堆肥过程中受到环境因素（主要是 C/N、水分和 pH）的显著影响。
