Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
Nutrients. 2021 May 8;13(5):1574. doi: 10.3390/nu13051574.
Dairy consumption has been associated with decreased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in previous studies, but the association may be different according to each type of dairy products and its subgroups. Thus, we conducted an updated meta-analysis of observational studies to examine the association between various dairy products and risk of MetS. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for eligible studies published up to February 2021. In addition, we included unpublished results from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2018, including 23,319 Korean adults and the elderly. A total of 35 studies (12 cohort studies and 25 cross-sectional studies) with 398,877 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled relative risks (RR) of MetS for the highest versus lowest categories of dairy consumption was 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72-0.88]. For the type of dairy products, there were also significant inverse associations with milk (RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.78-0.89) and yogurt consumption (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.83-0.95). For cheese consumption, however, no significant association was found (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.86-1.11). Our findings suggest that milk and yogurt consumption is inversely associated with the risk of MetS, but not cheese consumption.
乳制品的消费与代谢综合征（MetS）风险降低有关，这在之前的研究中已有报道，但这种关联可能因乳制品的类型及其亚组而异。因此，我们进行了一项更新的观察性研究荟萃分析，以检验各种乳制品与 MetS 风险之间的关系。我们在 PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库中搜索了截至 2021 年 2 月发表的合格研究。此外，我们还包括了韩国国家健康和营养检查调查（2013-2018 年）的未发表结果，包括 23319 名韩国成年人和老年人。共有 35 项研究（12 项队列研究和 25 项横断面研究）纳入了 398877 名受试者进行荟萃分析。乳制品摄入量最高与最低组相比，MetS 的汇总相对风险（RR）为 0.80（95%置信区间：0.72-0.88）。对于乳制品的类型，也与牛奶（RR：0.83；95%置信区间：0.78-0.89）和酸奶消费（RR：0.89；95%置信区间：0.83-0.95）呈显著负相关。然而，对于奶酪消费，没有发现显著的关联（RR：0.98；95%置信区间：0.86-1.11）。我们的研究结果表明，牛奶和酸奶的消费与 MetS 的风险呈负相关，但与奶酪消费无关。
