Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoaka Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 7;18(9):4970. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094970.
In this paper, we introduce a concept called community-based social innovation (CBSI). CBSI programs have been introduced to improve the physical and psychological well-being of older people. CBSI programs encourage older people to (1) take care of themselves and their peers, (2) sustain their well-being, and (3) create a cohesive and inclusive community. Although the emergence of CBSI programs is a global phenomenon, the variations, effectiveness, and sustainability of these programs are unknown. To uncover information about the Japanese version of CBSI programs, we conducted observations and face-to-face interviews with related personnel at two CBSI programs in rural areas of Japan in 2018. We found both positive and negative aspects in the current form of CBSI programs. As for the positives, these programs promote older people's physical and psychological well-being and enhance community cohesiveness. However, CBSI programs face challenges, including that groups tend to be gender and age specific: men and the younger-old are less likely to show interest. A group-specific approach to CBSI programs could cause future community division, which would be contrary to the goal. Given the continued advancement of the aging population, a new approach to participant recruitment is needed.
在本文中，我们引入了一个概念，即社区为本的社会创新（CBSI）。引入 CBSI 项目是为了改善老年人的身心健康。CBSI 项目鼓励老年人（1）照顾自己和同龄人，（2）维持他们的幸福感，以及（3）创建一个有凝聚力和包容性的社区。尽管 CBSI 项目的出现是一个全球性现象，但这些项目的变化、效果和可持续性尚不清楚。为了了解日本版 CBSI 项目的信息，我们于 2018 年对日本农村地区的两个 CBSI 项目的相关人员进行了观察和面对面访谈。我们发现当前形式的 CBSI 项目既有积极的方面，也有消极的方面。这些项目在促进老年人身心健康和增强社区凝聚力方面发挥了积极作用。然而，CBSI 项目也面临挑战，例如群体往往具有性别和年龄的特定性：男性和较年轻的老年人不太可能感兴趣。针对 CBSI 项目的特定群体的方法可能会导致未来的社区分裂，这与目标背道而驰。鉴于人口老龄化的持续推进，需要一种新的参与者招募方法。
