Shang Lijun, Liu Hongbin, Yu Haitao, Chen Meixia, Yang Tianren, Zeng Xiangfang, Qiao Shiyan
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Beijing Bio-Feed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 May 28;10(6):643. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10060643.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is characterized by chronic and relapsing inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract. Antibiotics have been used to treat IBD, primarily utilizing metronidazole. Although there does seem to be a treatment effect, the broad-spectrum antibiotics that have been used to date are crude tools and have many adverse effects. Available evidence suggests that the host microbiome is implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, though the key bacteria remain unknown. If the bacterial population can be modified appropriately, the use of antibiotics will have a better therapeutic effect. In this study, mice were fed dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) solution for 5 days, followed by 5 days of normal drinking water, to investigate the gut microbiota response to colitis and the initial alteration of microbiota in recovery phase. Day 0 was considered the normal control, while day 5 and day 10 were considered the colitis mouse model progressive phase and recovery phase, respectively. Results showed that inflammation could induce proportional changes in the gut microbiota. Furthermore, transplanting the microbiota in progressive phase to antibiotic-induced microbiota-depleted mice could induce inflammation similar to colitis, which proves the importance of initial alteration of the microbiota for IBD recovery and the potential of the microbiota as a target for the treatment of IBD. Meanwhile, we have also identified three possible target microorganisms in the development of colitis, namely genera (negative correlation), (positive correlation) and (negative correlation) in inflammation status through comprehensive analysis.
炎症性肠病（IBD），包括克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC），其特征是胃肠道内的慢性复发性炎症。抗生素已被用于治疗IBD，主要使用甲硝唑。尽管似乎有治疗效果，但迄今为止使用的广谱抗生素是粗糙的工具，且有许多不良反应。现有证据表明宿主微生物群与IBD的发病机制有关，尽管关键细菌仍不清楚。如果能适当改变细菌种群，抗生素的使用将具有更好的治疗效果。在本研究中，给小鼠喂食葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）溶液5天，随后饮用5天正常饮用水，以研究肠道微生物群对结肠炎的反应以及恢复阶段微生物群的初始变化。第0天被视为正常对照，而第5天和第10天分别被视为结肠炎小鼠模型的进展期和恢复期。结果表明，炎症可诱导肠道微生物群的比例变化。此外，将进展期的微生物群移植到抗生素诱导的微生物群耗竭小鼠中可诱导类似于结肠炎的炎症，这证明了微生物群的初始变化对IBD恢复的重要性以及微生物群作为IBD治疗靶点的潜力。同时，我们还通过综合分析确定了结肠炎发展过程中的三种可能的目标微生物，即在炎症状态下呈负相关的属、呈正相关的属和呈负相关的属。
