探讨妇科癌症患者精神幸福感与死亡焦虑之间的关系：一项横断面研究。
Exploring the relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety in patients with gynecological cancer: a cross-section study.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.
出版信息
BMC Palliat Care. 2021 Jun 1;20(1):78. doi: 10.1186/s12904-021-00778-3.
BACKGROUND
In recent years, spiritual well-being has gradually gained the attention of health care providers in China, especially those in oncology departments, who have recognized the importance of improving spiritual well-being in cancer patients. Since most of the current research on spiritual well-being has been carried out in areas with religious beliefs, this study was conducted in the context of no development of formal religion. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between death anxiety and spiritual well-being and the related factors of spiritual well-being among gynecological cancer patients.
METHODS
This cross-section study was conducted among 586 gynecological cancer patients. The European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-spiritual well-being32 (EORTC QLQ-SWB32) and Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (T-DAS) were used to measure spiritual well-being and death anxiety. The Multiple Linear Regression Model was used to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety.
RESULTS
For all participants, the highest QLQ-SWB32 centesimal score was 75.13 on the Relationship with Other scale, and the lowest was 60.33 on the Relationship with Someone or Something Greater Scale. The mean Death Anxiety score was 5.31 (SD 3.18). We found that Relationship with Someone or Something Greater was the only scale not associated with death anxiety. Overall, patients with lower death anxiety have a higher level of spiritual well-being. Besides, a high Relationship with Other score was associated with living with a partner (B = 2.471, P < 0.001) and married (B = -6.475, P = 0.001). Patients with higher Global-SWB were retired (B = 0.387, P = 0.019).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study found that the spiritual well-being of patients with gynecological cancer in China was no worse than in other countries with religious beliefs and patients with lower death anxiety have a higher level of spiritual well-being. Clinical staff should pay attention to the spiritual health of cancer patients, and spiritual care should be regarded as an essential element in cancer care.
背景
近年来，精神幸福感逐渐受到中国医疗保健提供者的关注，尤其是肿瘤科的医疗保健提供者，他们已经认识到提高癌症患者精神幸福感的重要性。由于目前大多数关于精神幸福感的研究都是在有宗教信仰的地区进行的，因此本研究是在没有正规宗教发展的背景下进行的。本研究的目的是探讨妇科癌症患者的死亡焦虑与精神幸福感之间的关系，以及精神幸福感的相关因素。
方法
本横断面研究纳入了 586 例妇科癌症患者。采用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生活质量问卷-精神幸福感 32 项（EORTC QLQ-SWB32）和 Templer 死亡焦虑量表（T-DAS）测量精神幸福感和死亡焦虑。采用多元线性回归模型确定精神幸福感与死亡焦虑之间的关系。
结果
对于所有参与者，QLQ-SWB32 的百分制得分最高的是关系维度（75.13），最低的是与某种超自然力量的关系维度（60.33）。死亡焦虑的平均得分为 5.31（SD 3.18）。我们发现，与某种超自然力量的关系维度是唯一一个与死亡焦虑无关的维度。总体而言，死亡焦虑较低的患者精神幸福感水平较高。此外，较高的关系维度得分与与伴侣生活（B=2.471，P<0.001）和已婚（B=-6.475，P=0.001）有关。较高的总体精神幸福感与退休有关（B=0.387，P=0.019）。
结论
我们的研究发现，中国妇科癌症患者的精神幸福感并不逊于有宗教信仰的其他国家，且死亡焦虑较低的患者精神幸福感水平较高。临床工作人员应关注癌症患者的精神健康，将精神关怀视为癌症护理的重要组成部分。
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