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断奶相关的饲料剥夺应激在一种新型的含黏蛋白的仔猪结肠体外模型（MPigut-IVM）中导致微生物群紊乱。

Weaning-associated feed deprivation stress causes microbiota disruptions in a novel mucin-containing in vitro model of the piglet colon (MPigut-IVM).

作者信息

Gresse Raphaële, Chaucheyras-Durand Frédérique, Denis Sylvain, Beaumont Martin, Van de Wiele Tom, Forano Evelyne, Blanquet-Diot Stéphanie

机构信息

Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Lallemand SAS, F-31702, Blagnac, Cedex, France.

出版信息

J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2021 Jun 2;12(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s40104-021-00584-0.

DOI:10.1186/s40104-021-00584-0
PMID:34078434
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8170946/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Risk factors for the etiology of post-weaning diarrhea, a major problem in swine industry associated with enormous economic losses, remain to be fully elucidated. In concordance with the ethical concerns raised by animal experiments, we developed a new in vitro model of the weaning piglet colon (MPigut-IVM) including a mucin bead compartment to reproduce the mucus surface from the gut to which gut microbes can adhere.

RESULTS

Our results indicated that the MPigut-IVM is able to establish a representative piglet archaeal and bacterial colon microbiota in terms of taxonomic composition and function. The MPigut-IVM was consequently used to investigate the potential effects of feed deprivation, a common consequence of weaning in piglets, on the microbiota. The lack of nutrients in the MPigut-IVM led to an increased abundance of Prevotellaceae and Escherichia-Shigella and a decrease in Bacteroidiaceae and confirms previous in vivo findings. On top of a strong increase in redox potential, the feed deprivation stress induced modifications of microbial metabolite production such as a decrease in acetate and an increase in proportional valerate, isovalerate and isobutyrate production.

CONCLUSIONS

The MPigut-IVM is able to simulate luminal and mucosal piglet microbiota and represent an innovative tool for comparative studies to investigate the impact of weaning stressors on piglet microbiota. Besides, weaning-associated feed deprivation in piglets provokes disruptions of MPigut-IVM microbiota composition and functionality and could be implicated in the onset of post-weaning dysbiosis in piglets.

摘要

背景

断奶后腹泻是养猪业的一个主要问题，会造成巨大经济损失，其病因的风险因素仍有待充分阐明。出于动物实验引发的伦理问题考虑，我们开发了一种新的断奶仔猪结肠体外模型（MPigut-IVM），其中包括一个粘蛋白珠隔室，以重现肠道微生物可以附着的肠道黏液表面。

结果

我们的结果表明，MPigut-IVM在分类组成和功能方面能够建立具有代表性的仔猪古菌和细菌结肠微生物群。因此，MPigut-IVM被用于研究断奶仔猪常见的后果——饲料剥夺对微生物群的潜在影响。MPigut-IVM中缺乏营养导致普雷沃氏菌科和埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属丰度增加，拟杆菌科丰度降低，这证实了之前的体内研究结果。除了氧化还原电位大幅升高外，饲料剥夺应激还诱导了微生物代谢产物产生的变化，如乙酸盐减少，戊酸、异戊酸和异丁酸的比例增加。

结论

MPigut-IVM能够模拟仔猪管腔和黏膜微生物群，是研究断奶应激源对仔猪微生物群影响的比较研究的创新工具。此外，仔猪断奶相关的饲料剥夺会引发MPigut-IVM微生物群组成和功能的破坏，并可能与仔猪断奶后菌群失调的发生有关。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/855d/8170946/281a868bbb98/40104_2021_584_Fig12_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/855d/8170946/e79dbffb3c74/40104_2021_584_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/855d/8170946/e063c07eb81d/40104_2021_584_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/855d/8170946/637e8ad12a80/40104_2021_584_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/855d/8170946/b44172ab253f/40104_2021_584_Fig10_HTML.jpg
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