Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt..
Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
Acta Trop. 2021 Sep;221:105992. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105992. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
The restricted effect, significant toxicity, and emerging resistance of anti-toxoplasmosis synthetic agents impose the search for alternatives. The current research aimed to evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of Rosmarinus officinalis extracts and their mixtures against chronic murine toxoplasmosis and to clarify the phenomenon of delayed death.
This research included two experimental designs, the first to test the preventive and curative efficacy of the extracts and the second to assess delayed death in mice infected with the ME49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii. The essential oils of the plant were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Treatment with a mixture of rosemary extracts displayed reduction rates of 81% for T. gondii cyst burden and 23% for cyst viability. The reinfected group with the pretreated cysts reported 93.4% reduction in cyst burden and 95.4% in cyst viability. Moreover, 90% reduction of the infectivity rate was obtained. The therapeutic efficacy of this mixture was superior to its valuable prophylactic effect. Histopathological examination of liver and brain tissue exhibited marked improvement. Both extracts possess free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities evidenced by high expression of iNOS stain. Our results were signified by low BAG-1 gene expression and massive mutilation of T. gondii cyst in the targeted group using scanning electron microscopy. Analysis of R. officinalis revealed the presence of isobornylformate as a novel ingredient.
R. officinalis displays a therapeutic rather than prophylactic potential, indicating the emergence of an effective safe alternative therapy.
抗弓形虫合成药物的受限效果、显著毒性和新兴耐药性促使人们寻求替代品。本研究旨在评估迷迭香提取物及其混合物对慢性鼠弓形虫病的预防和治疗效果，并阐明迟发性死亡现象。
本研究包括两个实验设计，第一个是测试提取物的预防和治疗效果，第二个是评估感染 ME49 株弓形虫的小鼠的迟发性死亡。植物的精油通过气相色谱/质谱进行分析。
迷迭香提取物混合物的治疗组显示出对 T. gondii 包囊负荷的 81%降低率和对包囊活力的 23%降低率。用预处理包囊进行再感染的组显示出对包囊负荷的 93.4%降低率和对包囊活力的 95.4%降低率。此外，获得了 90%的感染率降低。该混合物的治疗效果优于其有价值的预防效果。肝和脑组织的组织病理学检查显示出明显的改善。两种提取物均具有自由基清除和抗氧化活性，这表现在 iNOS 染色的高表达上。我们的结果通过扫描电子显微镜显示靶向组中 BAG-1 基因表达降低和 T. gondii 包囊大量破坏来证实。对迷迭香的分析显示存在异松油烯甲酸盐作为一种新成分。
迷迭香表现出治疗而非预防潜力，表明出现了一种有效的安全替代治疗方法。
