Institutes for Veterinary-Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Zoological Garden of Neunkirchen, Germany.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2021 Sep;33(5):961-965. doi: 10.1177/10406387211020721. Epub 2021 Jun 7.
Atypical myopathy (AM) is an acute seasonal rhabdomyolysis seen primarily in equids, caused by the ingestion of sycamore maple samaras containing hypoglycin A (HGA) and methylenecyclopropyl-glycine (MCPG). Toxic metabolites inhibit acyl-CoA dehydrogenases and enoyl-CoA hydratases, causing selective hyaline degeneration of type I muscle fibers. Two zoo-kept Bactrian camels () with a fatal course of AM had sudden onset of muscle pain and weakness, recumbency, and dysphagia, accompanied by increased serum creatine kinase activity and detection in serum of HGA, MCPG, and metabolites. Medical treatment was ineffective. At postmortem examination, sycamore maple tree material was found within the first gastric compartment of the 2-y-old gelding. Although musculature was macroscopically normal, histologically, monophasic hyaline degeneration was marked within type I fibers of intercostal and hypoglossal muscles of the gelding, and in neck, tongue, and masticatory muscles of the cow. The ingestion of sycamore maple material can cause AM in Bactrian camels, and trees of the family should be avoided in enclosures.
非典型肌病（AM）是一种主要发生在马属动物的急性季节性横纹肌溶解症，由摄入含有低血糖素 A（HGA）和亚甲基环丙基甘氨酸（MCPG）的枫香树翅果引起。有毒代谢物抑制酰基辅酶 A 脱氢酶和烯酰辅酶 A 水合酶，导致 I 型肌纤维选择性透明变性。两只圈养的双峰驼（）出现了致命的 AM，突然出现肌肉疼痛和无力、卧地不起和吞咽困难，同时血清肌酸激酶活性升高，血清中检测到 HGA、MCPG 和代谢物。药物治疗无效。剖检时，在 2 岁雄性的第一胃中发现了枫香树材料。尽管肌肉组织在宏观上正常，但组织学检查显示，雄性的肋间肌和舌下肌以及颈肌、舌肌和咀嚼肌的 I 型纤维内有单相透明变性。双峰驼摄入枫香树材料可导致 AM，应避免在围栏中种植 科的树木。
