Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2310:287-299. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1433-4_16.
The dynamism of mitochondria, considered as complex and motile organelles, is brought about by mitochondria ability to undergo cycles of fission and fusion events, whose fine balance determines their morphology in a specific physiological context. A huge body of evidence makes it possible to associate mitochondrial organization to regulation of an increasing number of key cellular processes, such as biosynthetic pathways, oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production, calcium buffering, mtDNA homeostasis, autophagy, and cell death. Here, we review the recently developed imaging methods for studying mitochondrial dynamics, including live-cell imaging, by using mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent proteins. In more details, we focus our attention on two different protocols in the T cell model, an example of nonadherent cells, which present some particularities and difficulties in the analysis of mitochondrial shape. Also, we discuss some examples of mouse models carrying mitochondria-targeted fluorescent proteins, which allow to investigate the mitochondrial morphology in vivo.
线粒体被认为是复杂且运动的细胞器，其动态性是通过线粒体发生分裂和融合事件的循环来实现的，其精细的平衡决定了它们在特定生理环境下的形态。大量证据表明，线粒体的组织与越来越多的关键细胞过程的调节有关，如生物合成途径、氧化磷酸化和 ATP 产生、钙缓冲、mtDNA 稳态、自噬和细胞死亡。在这里，我们回顾了最近开发的用于研究线粒体动力学的成像方法，包括使用线粒体靶向荧光蛋白的活细胞成像。更详细地说，我们将注意力集中在 T 细胞模型中的两种不同方案上，这是一种非贴壁细胞的示例，在分析线粒体形状时存在一些特殊性和困难。此外，我们还讨论了一些携带线粒体靶向荧光蛋白的小鼠模型的例子，这些模型允许在体内研究线粒体形态。
