Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2022;268:173-193. doi: 10.1007/164_2021_496.
IgE-mediated food allergies affect both children and adults and are associated with dramatic decreases in the quality of life. In the majority of cases, food allergens have to be avoided which may be difficult, particularly in patients who suffer from life-threatening symptoms following the ingestion of minimal doses of food allergens. Several novel therapeutic approaches have been studied during the recent past and are summarized in this review. Therapies with novel therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, innovative allergen-specific immunotherapies using subcutaneous, sublingual, or epicutaneous routes, and oral immunotherapies leading to increases of individual thresholds of tolerable foods upon their continuous ingestion showed promising results which may change future management strategies in moderate to severe food allergy.
IgE 介导的食物过敏影响儿童和成人，并与生活质量的显著下降有关。在大多数情况下，必须避免食用食物过敏原，这可能很困难，特别是对于那些在摄入极少量食物过敏原后出现危及生命症状的患者。在过去的几年中，已经研究了几种新的治疗方法，并在本综述中进行了总结。使用新型治疗性单克隆抗体、通过皮下、舌下或经皮途径进行创新的过敏原特异性免疫治疗，以及口服免疫治疗，可导致个体耐受食物的阈值增加，从而持续摄入这些食物，这些治疗方法显示出有希望的结果，可能会改变中度至重度食物过敏的未来管理策略。
