Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Sep 1;292:500-507. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.107. Epub 2021 Jun 7.
To examine the association of major depressive disorder (MDD) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use with gut microbiome in older adolescents and younger adults.
Fifteen to 20-year-old participants within a month of starting an SSRI and unmedicated controls were enrolled in a longitudinal study. They underwent a diagnostic evaluation comprising self-completed and rater-administered questionnaires and clinical interview. They also provided a stool sample, which was stored at -80°C until DNA extraction. Microbial DNA was extracted with the MoBio PowerSoil kit, and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA was amplified and sequenced. Raw sequence data was processed with the LotuS pipeline. Only samples with no antibiotic exposure in the last 6 months and with >1000 quality filtered reads were included in the analysis.
160 participants (57.5% female, mean age 20.0±1.9 years, 29% taking SSRIs) were enrolled, comprising 110 MDD patients (60% in acute episode), 27 healthy controls, and 23 psychiatric controls. No significant group differences were observed in bacterial richness or alpha and beta diversity. Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa found no significant group differences at the phylum and genus levels. Neither being in a major depressive episode vs. remission nor using SSRIs was associated with differential bacterial composition.
In this sizeable sample of older adolescents, neither MDD nor SSRI use was associated with differences in gut bacterial microbiome. In this age group, the bi-directional interaction between the gut bacteria and brain may be more nuanced than in adults, requiring further investigation.
研究重度抑郁症（MDD）和选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRI）的使用与老年青少年和年轻成年人肠道微生物组的关系。
在开始使用 SSRI 一个月内的 15 至 20 岁的参与者和未用药对照者被纳入一项纵向研究。他们接受了一项诊断评估，包括自我完成和评估员管理的问卷和临床访谈。他们还提供了粪便样本，将其储存在-80°C，直到提取 DNA。使用 MoBio PowerSoil 试剂盒提取微生物 DNA，扩增和测序 16S rRNA 的 V4 区。使用 LotuS 管道处理原始序列数据。仅包括过去 6 个月内无抗生素暴露且具有> 1000 个质量过滤读取的样本进行分析。
160 名参与者（57.5%为女性，平均年龄 20.0±1.9 岁，29%服用 SSRI）入组，包括 110 名 MDD 患者（60%处于急性发作），27 名健康对照者和 23 名精神科对照者。细菌丰富度或 alpha 和 beta 多样性方面，各组之间无显著差异。细菌分类群的差异丰度分析在门和属水平上未发现组间差异。无论是处于重度抑郁发作期还是缓解期，还是使用 SSRI，都与细菌组成的差异无关。
在这个相当大的老年青少年样本中，MDD 或 SSRI 的使用与肠道细菌微生物组的差异无关。在这个年龄段，肠道细菌和大脑之间的双向相互作用可能比成年人更为复杂，需要进一步研究。
