The Unit of Academic Primary Care, Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Leicester School of Nursing and Midwifery, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2022 Dec 1;44(4):863-876. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdab220.
Flu can have serious consequences for pregnant woman and unborn babies. Vaccination provides safe and effective protection, yet uptake among pregnant women is below national targets. Digital interventions are effective at increasing adherence to health interventions.
This review aimed to establish whether digital interventions are effective at increasing rates of flu vaccination among pregnant women, and to determine the overall effect size.
Systematic searches identified digital intervention trials, aiming to increase rate of flu vaccination among pregnant women. Random-effects meta-analysis provided a combined effect size and examined which mode of digital interventions had the largest effects on flu vaccination.
Ten studies were included in the review. The majority of digital interventions were more effective at increasing rates of flu vaccination (7-81.3% uptake) than usual care or non-digital interventions (7.3-47.1% uptake). When meta-analysed, digital interventions had a small, non-significant effect (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71, 2.31), P = 0.40. Text messages (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.58, 2.67), P = 0.57 appeared less effective than other digital interventions (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.46), P = 0.04.
Overall, there is a lack of high-quality studies reporting the effectiveness of digital interventions at increasing flu vaccination during pregnancy. Future interventions may benefit from using video or social media to communicate messages for maximum success in targeting an increase in rates of flu vaccination in pregnancy.
流感可能对孕妇和胎儿造成严重后果。接种疫苗提供了安全有效的保护，但孕妇的接种率低于国家目标。数字干预措施在提高对健康干预措施的依从性方面非常有效。
本综述旨在确定数字干预措施是否能有效提高孕妇的流感疫苗接种率，并确定总体效果大小。
系统搜索确定了旨在提高孕妇流感疫苗接种率的数字干预试验。随机效应荟萃分析提供了综合效果大小，并研究了哪种数字干预模式对流感疫苗接种的影响最大。
综述纳入了 10 项研究。与常规护理或非数字干预措施（接种率为 7.3-47.1%）相比，大多数数字干预措施更有效地提高了流感疫苗接种率（接种率为 7-81.3%）。荟萃分析时，数字干预措施的效果较小，无统计学意义（比值比[OR] = 1.29，95%置信区间[CI]：0.71，2.31），P = 0.40。与其他数字干预措施相比，短信（OR = 1.25，95%CI：0.58，2.67）的效果似乎较差，P = 0.57。
总体而言，缺乏高质量的研究报告表明数字干预措施在提高孕妇流感疫苗接种率方面的有效性。未来的干预措施可能受益于使用视频或社交媒体来传播信息，以最大限度地提高针对提高孕妇流感疫苗接种率的目标成功。
