11000 年前以来，处于东亚和东南亚十字路口的人类种群历史。

Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago.

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China; Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200232, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.

出版信息

Cell. 2021 Jul 8;184(14):3829-3841.e21. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.018. Epub 2021 Jun 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.018

PMID:34171307

Abstract

Past human genetic diversity and migration between southern China and Southeast Asia have not been well characterized, in part due to poor preservation of ancient DNA in hot and humid regions. We sequenced 31 ancient genomes from southern China (Guangxi and Fujian), including two ∼12,000- to 10,000-year-old individuals representing the oldest humans sequenced from southern China. We discovered a deeply diverged East Asian ancestry in the Guangxi region that persisted until at least 6,000 years ago. We found that ∼9,000- to 6,000-year-old Guangxi populations were a mixture of local ancestry, southern ancestry previously sampled in Fujian, and deep Asian ancestry related to Southeast Asian Hòabìnhian hunter-gatherers, showing broad admixture in the region predating the appearance of farming. Historical Guangxi populations dating to ∼1,500 to 500 years ago are closely related to Tai-Kadai and Hmong-Mien speakers. Our results show heavy interactions among three distinct ancestries at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia.

摘要

过去，由于湿热地区古 DNA 保存不佳，中国南方和东南亚之间的人类遗传多样性和迁移情况尚未得到很好的描述。我们对来自中国南方（广西和福建）的 31 个古代基因组进行了测序，其中包括两个代表中国南方最早测序的距今约 12000 至 10000 年的个体。我们在广西地区发现了一种深度分化的东亚祖先，其存在至少持续到 6000 年前。我们发现，距今约 9000 至 6000 年前的广西人群是当地祖先、先前在福建采样的南方祖先以及与东南亚 Hoabinhian 狩猎采集者相关的深亚祖先的混合体，表明在该地区农业出现之前就已经存在广泛的混合。距今约 1500 至 500 年前的历史广西人群与泰语族和苗瑶语族密切相关。我们的研究结果表明，在东亚和东南亚的交汇点有三种截然不同的祖先之间存在大量的相互作用。