Nowakowska Iwona
Institute of Psychology, The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Szczęśliwicka 40, 02-353 Warsaw, Poland.
Curr Psychol. 2021 Jun 23:1-11. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-01993-0.
Restrictions due to COVID-19 necessitated staying at home, but in some cases, encouraged charitable behavior, e.g., donating items to people in need (e.g., clothes, food), or money to support combatting COVID-19. Drawing on the previous findings regarding helping during disastrous situations and roles of time perspective in helping behaviors, the study tested the predictive value of age, gender, previous volunteering, altruistic social value orientation, and time perspectives of donating items to people in need or money to combat COVID-19. The study is pioneering in terms of including time perspectives as individual differences which might contribute to making donations during COVID-19 circumstances. The study was questionnaire-based and conducted online in the eighth week of social distancing in Poland. 150 young adults (age 18-35) took part in the study. Results of multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that age, frequency of volunteering before the epidemic, and Present-Hedonistic time perspective predict donating items to people in need, but none of the tested variables predicted donating money to combat COVID-19. The findings suggest that charitable behavior, especially in the context of extraordinary social situations, needs to be treated as a multifaceted phenomenon. The study indicates that a Present-Hedonistic time perspective would be a promising individual difference to test in future studies on prosociality.
由于新冠疫情的限制,人们不得不待在家里,但在某些情况下,这也鼓励了慈善行为,比如向有需要的人捐赠物品(如衣服、食物),或者捐款以支持抗击新冠疫情。基于之前关于灾难情况下的助人行为以及时间观在助人行为中的作用的研究结果,该研究测试了年龄、性别、以往的志愿经历、利他社会价值取向以及向有需要的人捐赠物品或为抗击新冠疫情捐款的时间观对捐赠行为的预测价值。该研究在将时间观作为个体差异纳入考量方面具有开创性,这些个体差异可能有助于在新冠疫情期间进行捐赠。该研究以问卷调查为基础,在波兰社交距离措施实施的第八周通过网络进行。150名年轻成年人(年龄在18至35岁之间)参与了这项研究。多变量逻辑回归分析结果表明,年龄、疫情前的志愿活动频率以及当前享乐主义时间观能够预测向有需要的人捐赠物品的行为,但没有一个测试变量能够预测为抗击新冠疫情捐款的行为。研究结果表明,慈善行为,尤其是在特殊社会情况下,需要被视为一个多方面的现象。该研究表明,在未来关于亲社会行为的研究中,当前享乐主义时间观将是一个很有前景的个体差异测试因素。