Bodecka Marta, Nowakowska Iwona, Zajenkowska Anna, Rajchert Joanna, Kaźmierczak Izabela, Jelonkiewicz Irena
The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Institute of Psychology, Szczęśliwicka 40, 02-353 Warsaw, Poland.
Pers Individ Dif. 2021 Jan 1;168:110395. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110395. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
Although numerous studies have addressed the impact of the COVID-19 lock-downs on psychological distress, scarce data is available relating to the role of Present-Hedonistic (PH) time perspective and gender differences in the development of depressive symptoms and stress during the period of strict social distancing. We hypothesized that gender would moderate the relationship between PH and depressiveness or stress levels, such that PH would negatively correlate with psychological distress in women but correlate positively in men. The present study was online and questionnaire-based. = 230 participants aged 15-73 from the general population took part in the study. The results of moderation analysis allowed for full acceptance of the hypothesis for depression as a factor, but for stress the hypothesis was only partially confirmed, since the relationship between PH time perspective and stress was not significant for men (although it was positive, as expected). The findings are pioneering in terms of including PH time perspective in predicting psychological distress during the COVID-19 lock-down and have potentially significant implications for practicing clinicians, who could include the development of more adaptive time perspectives and balance them in their therapeutic work with people experiencing lock-down-related distress.
尽管众多研究探讨了新冠疫情封锁措施对心理困扰的影响，但关于当下享乐主义（PH）时间观的作用以及在严格社交距离期间抑郁症状和压力发展中的性别差异，可用数据却很稀少。我们假设性别会调节PH与抑郁或压力水平之间的关系，即PH与女性的心理困扰呈负相关，而与男性呈正相关。本研究采用在线问卷调查的方式。共有230名年龄在15至73岁的普通人群参与了该研究。调节分析结果完全支持将抑郁作为一个因素的假设，但对于压力，该假设仅得到部分证实，因为PH时间观与男性压力之间的关系并不显著（尽管如预期的那样呈正相关）。这些发现首次将PH时间观纳入预测新冠疫情封锁期间的心理困扰，对临床医生具有潜在的重要意义，他们可以在治疗因封锁相关困扰的患者时，引导患者形成更具适应性的时间观并实现平衡。
