Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China.
Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Cell Biol Int. 2021 Oct;45(10):2045-2053. doi: 10.1002/cbin.11653. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the seventh member of the bat severe acute respiratory syndrome family. COVID-19 can fuse their envelopes with the host cell membranes and deliver their genetic material. COVID-19 attacks the respiratory system and stimulates the host inflammatory responses, enhances the recruitment of immune cells, and promotes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activities. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 may have experienced fever, dry cough, headache, dyspnea, acute kidney injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and acute heart injury. Several strategies such as oxygen therapy, ventilation, antibiotic or antiviral therapy, and renal replacement therapy are commonly used to decrease COVID-19-associated mortality. However, these approaches may not be good treatment options. Therefore, the search for an alternative-novel therapy is urgently important to prevent the disease progression. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a promising strategy for COVID-19. The design of oligonucleotide against the genetic material of COVID-19 might suppress virus RNA translation. Several previous studies have shown that host miRNAs play an antiviral role and improve the treatment of patients with COVID-19. miRNAs by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) or 5'-UTR of viral RNA play an important role in COVID-19-host interplay and viral replication. miRNAs interact with multiple pathways and reduce inflammatory biomarkers, thrombi formation, and tissue damage to accelerate the patient outcome. The information in this review provides a summary of the current clinical application of miRNAs for the treatments of patients with COVID-19.
新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）是蝙蝠严重急性呼吸系统综合征家族的第七个成员。COVID-19 可以与宿主细胞膜融合并传递其遗传物质。COVID-19 攻击呼吸系统并刺激宿主炎症反应，增强免疫细胞的募集，并促进血管紧张素转换酶 2 的活性。确诊 COVID-19 的患者可能经历过发热、干咳、头痛、呼吸困难、急性肾损伤、急性呼吸窘迫综合征和急性心脏损伤。常用的几种策略，如氧疗、通气、抗生素或抗病毒治疗以及肾脏替代治疗，用于降低 COVID-19 相关死亡率。然而，这些方法可能不是很好的治疗选择。因此，寻找替代的新型治疗方法对于防止疾病进展至关重要。最近，微小 RNA（miRNA）已成为 COVID-19 的一种有前途的治疗策略。针对 COVID-19 遗传物质的寡核苷酸设计可能会抑制病毒 RNA 翻译。几项先前的研究表明，宿主 miRNA 发挥抗病毒作用，并改善 COVID-19 患者的治疗效果。miRNA 通过与病毒 RNA 的 3'-非翻译区（UTR）或 5'-UTR 结合，在 COVID-19 宿主相互作用和病毒复制中发挥重要作用。miRNA 与多种途径相互作用，减少炎症生物标志物、血栓形成和组织损伤，以加速患者康复。本综述提供了 miRNA 当前临床应用于 COVID-19 患者治疗的概述。
