Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
J Infect Public Health. 2022 Jul;15(7):788-799. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.06.012. Epub 2022 Jun 21.
As the therapeutic regimens against the COVID-19 remain scarce, the microRNAs (miRNAs) can be exploited to generate efficient therapeutic targets. The miRNAs have been found to play pivotal roles in the several regulatory functions influencing the prognosis of viral infection. The miRNAs have a prospective role in the up and down regulation of the ACE2 receptors. This review examines the clinical applications, as well as the possible threats associated with the use of miRNAs to combat the deleterious consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
This article was compiled to evaluate how the miRNAs are involved in the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and infection, and their potential functions which could help in the development of therapeutic targets against the COVID-19. The sources of the collected information include the several journals, databases and scientific search engines such as the Google scholar, Pubmed, Science direct, official website of WHO, among the other sites. The investigations on the online platform were conducted using the keywords miRNA biogenesis, miRNA and ACE2 interaction, therapeutic role of miRNAs against SARS-CoV-2 and miRNA therapy side effects.
This review has highlighted that the miRNAs can be exploited to generate potential therapeutic targets against the COVID-19. Changes in the miRNA levels following viral replication are an essential component of the host response to infection. The collection and modification of miRNA modulates may help to minimize the deleterious consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as by controlling or inhibiting the generation of cytokines and chemokines. The degradation of viral RNA by the cellular miRNAs, along with the reduced expression of ACE2 receptors, can substantially reduce the viral load. Specific miRNAs have been found to have an antiviral influence, allowing the immune system to combat the infection or forcing the virus into a latency stage.
This review summarizes several studies revealing the involvement of miRNAs in diverse and complex processes during the infection process of SARS-CoV-2. The miRNAs can substantially reduce the viral load by degradation of viral RNA and reduced expression of ACE2 receptors, besides mitigating the deleterious consequences of the exaggerated secretion of cytokines. Extensive investigations need to be done by the scientific community to utilize the miRNA based strategies for the development of effective therapeutic targets against the COVID-19.
由于针对 COVID-19 的治疗方案仍然很少，因此可以利用 microRNAs（miRNAs）来生成有效的治疗靶标。已经发现 miRNAs 在影响病毒感染预后的几种调节功能中发挥着关键作用。miRNAs 在 ACE2 受体的上调和下调中具有前瞻性作用。本综述检查了 miRNA 在对抗 SARS-CoV-2 感染的有害后果方面的临床应用以及可能存在的威胁。
本文旨在评估 miRNAs 如何参与 SARS-CoV-2 的发病机制和感染，以及它们可能有助于开发针对 COVID-19 的治疗靶标的潜在功能。收集信息的来源包括几家期刊、数据库和科学搜索引擎，如 Google Scholar、PubMed、Science Direct、世界卫生组织官方网站等。在在线平台上的调查使用了 miRNA 生物发生、miRNA 与 ACE2 相互作用、miRNA 对抗 SARS-CoV-2 的治疗作用以及 miRNA 治疗副作用等关键词。
本综述强调，miRNAs 可用于生成针对 COVID-19 的潜在治疗靶标。病毒复制后 miRNA 水平的变化是宿主对感染反应的重要组成部分。miRNA 修饰的收集和修饰可能有助于最大程度地减少 SARS-CoV-2 感染的有害后果，例如通过控制或抑制细胞因子和趋化因子的产生。细胞 miRNAs 对病毒 RNA 的降解以及 ACE2 受体表达的降低，可大大降低病毒载量。已经发现特定的 miRNAs 具有抗病毒作用，使免疫系统能够对抗感染或迫使病毒进入潜伏期。
本综述总结了几项研究，这些研究揭示了 miRNAs 在 SARS-CoV-2 感染过程中的多种复杂过程中的参与。miRNAs 通过降解病毒 RNA 和降低 ACE2 受体的表达，可大大降低病毒载量，减轻细胞因子过度分泌的有害后果。科学界需要进行广泛的研究，以利用基于 miRNA 的策略开发针对 COVID-19 的有效治疗靶标。
