Young B, Briscoe J
Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1988 Mar;42(1):83-8. doi: 10.1136/jech.42.1.83.
A case-control design has been applied in the evaluation of improved environmental sanitation on diarrhoeal diseases in rural Malawi. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using such an approach to evaluate two levels of water supply and sanitation service quickly and at moderate cost. Sample sizes would need to be increased substantially to evaluate multiple levels of service or to investigate interactions between water supply and sanitation. The results indicate that children living in families who use good quality water supplies and latrines experience 20% less diarrhoea as reported to the health clinics during the warm, rainy season.
一项病例对照设计已应用于评估马拉维农村地区改善环境卫生对腹泻疾病的影响。该研究证明了使用这种方法快速且以适度成本评估两个层面的供水和卫生服务的可行性。若要评估多个层面的服务或调查供水与卫生之间的相互作用，样本量需要大幅增加。结果表明，在温暖多雨季节向健康诊所报告的情况显示，使用优质供水和厕所的家庭中的儿童腹泻发生率低20%。
