University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Sci Eng Ethics. 2021 Jun 29;27(4):42. doi: 10.1007/s11948-021-00318-5.
Can Artificial Intelligence (AI) be more effective than human instruction for the moral enhancement of people? The author argues that it only would be if the use of this technology were aimed at increasing the individual's capacity to reflectively decide for themselves, rather than at directly influencing behaviour. To support this, it is shown how a disregard for personal autonomy, in particular, invalidates the main proposals for applying new technologies, both biomedical and AI-based, to moral enhancement. As an alternative to these proposals, this article proposes a virtual assistant that, through dialogue, neutrality and virtual reality technologies, can teach users to make better moral decisions on their own. The author concludes that, as long as certain precautions are taken in its design, such an assistant could do this better than a human instructor adopting the same educational methodology.
人工智能(AI)在增强人的道德方面比人类指导更有效吗?作者认为,只有当这项技术的使用旨在提高个人的自我反思决策能力,而不是直接影响行为时,才会如此。为了支持这一点,本文展示了如何不尊重个人自主权,特别是使应用于道德增强的新的生物医学和基于人工智能的技术的主要建议无效。作为对这些建议的替代方案,本文提出了一种虚拟助手,通过对话、中立性和虚拟现实技术,能够教导用户自行做出更好的道德决策。作者得出结论,只要在设计中采取某些预防措施,这种助手就能比采用相同教育方法的人类导师更好地做到这一点。