Brooks Jennifer D, Nabi Hermann H, Andrulis Irene L, Antoniou Antonis C, Chiquette Jocelyne, Després Philippe, Devilee Peter, Dorval Michel, Droit Arnaud, Easton Douglas F, Eisen Andrea, Eloy Laurence, Fienberg Samantha, Goldgar David, Hahnen Eric, Joly Yann, Knoppers Bartha Maria, Lofters Aisha, Masson Jean-Yves, Mittmann Nicole, Paquette Jean-Sébastien, Pashayan Nora, Schmutzler Rita, Stockley Tracy, Tavtigian Sean V, Walker Meghan J, Wolfson Michael, Chiarelli Anna Maria, Simard Jacques
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
J Pers Med. 2021 Jun 4;11(6):511. doi: 10.3390/jpm11060511.
Early detection of breast cancer through screening reduces breast cancer mortality. The benefits of screening must also be considered within the context of potential harms (e.g., false positives, overdiagnosis). Furthermore, while breast cancer risk is highly variable within the population, most screening programs use age to determine eligibility. A risk-based approach is expected to improve the benefit-harm ratio of breast cancer screening programs. The PERSPECTIVE I&I (Personalized Risk Assessment for Prevention and Early Detection of Breast Cancer: Integration and Implementation) project seeks to improve personalized risk assessment to allow for a cost-effective, population-based approach to risk-based screening and determine best practices for implementation in Canada. This commentary describes the four inter-related activities that comprise the PERSPECTIVE I&I project. 1: Identification and validation of novel moderate to high-risk susceptibility genes. 2: Improvement, validation, and adaptation of a risk prediction web-tool for the Canadian context. 3: Development and piloting of a socio-ethical framework to support implementation of risk-based breast cancer screening. 4: Economic analysis to optimize the implementation of risk-based screening. Risk-based screening and prevention is expected to benefit all women, empowering them to work with their healthcare provider to make informed decisions about screening and prevention.
通过筛查早期发现乳腺癌可降低乳腺癌死亡率。筛查的益处还必须在潜在危害(如假阳性、过度诊断)的背景下加以考虑。此外,虽然人群中乳腺癌风险差异很大,但大多数筛查项目使用年龄来确定资格。基于风险的方法有望改善乳腺癌筛查项目的利弊比。PERSPECTIVE I&I(乳腺癌预防与早期检测个性化风险评估:整合与实施)项目旨在改进个性化风险评估,以实现基于人群的具有成本效益的基于风险的筛查方法,并确定在加拿大实施的最佳实践。本评论描述了构成PERSPECTIVE I&I项目的四项相互关联的活动。1:识别和验证新的中度至高度风险易感基因。2:针对加拿大情况改进、验证和调整风险预测网络工具。3:制定和试行社会伦理框架以支持基于风险的乳腺癌筛查的实施。4:进行经济分析以优化基于风险的筛查的实施。基于风险的筛查和预防预计将使所有女性受益,使她们能够与医疗保健提供者合作,就筛查和预防做出明智的决定。