Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 8;18(12):6218. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18126218.
This study is a multigroup path analysis aiming to create a theoretical model of presenteeism among female workers in the health and social work sectors, assess the mediating effects of mental health problems (sleeping trouble and psychological wellbeing), and physical health problems (fatigue and muscle aches) on the relationship between work characteristics (demands at work and social community at work) and presenteeism, and identify the differences between the effects of variables on those who reported low work-life imbalance and high work-life imbalance. Raw data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) were analyzed. From the total sample of 50,205 people, 2209 women in health and social work were included in the study sample. The results were as follows: the demands at work had a significant and positive indirect effect on presenteeism (B = 0.0023, < 0.001), mediated by trouble sleeping, fatigue, and muscle aches, in that order. Demands at work were also found to have a significant and negative indirect effect on presenteeism (B = -0.0017, < 0.001), mediated by psychological wellbeing, fatigue, and muscle aches, in descending order. Social community at work had a significant and negative indirect effect on presenteeism (B = -0.0022, < 0.001), mediated by trouble sleeping, fatigue, and muscle aches, in that order. Social community at work also had a significant and negative effect on presenteeism, mediated by psychological wellbeing, fatigue, and muscle aches, in descending order (B = -0.0097, < 0.001). Demands at work did not have a significant effect on psychological wellbeing in the low work-life imbalance group, whereas its effect was significant and positive ( = 0.198, < 0.001) in the high work-life imbalance group. In conclusion, in the path model of the low work-life imbalance group, demands at work did not influence psychological wellbeing. Therefore, strategies to ameliorate work-life imbalance may be helpful components of interventions to reduce presenteeism.
本研究采用多群组路径分析方法，旨在构建卫生和社会工作人员出勤主义的理论模型，评估心理健康问题（睡眠问题和心理幸福感）和身体健康问题（疲劳和肌肉疼痛）对工作特征（工作需求和工作社交社区）与出勤主义之间关系的中介作用，并确定变量对报告工作-生活失衡程度低和高的人群的影响差异。分析了第五次韩国工作条件调查（KWCS）的原始数据。在总样本 50205 人中，纳入了卫生和社会工作人员的 2209 名女性作为研究样本。结果表明：工作需求对出勤主义有显著的正向间接影响（B=0.0023， <0.001），依次通过睡眠问题、疲劳和肌肉疼痛来介导。工作需求对出勤主义也有显著的负向间接影响（B=-0.0017， <0.001），依次通过心理幸福感、疲劳和肌肉疼痛来介导。工作社交社区对出勤主义有显著的负向间接影响（B=-0.0022， <0.001），依次通过睡眠问题、疲劳和肌肉疼痛来介导。工作社交社区对出勤主义也有显著的负向影响，依次通过心理幸福感、疲劳和肌肉疼痛来介导（B=-0.0097， <0.001）。在工作-生活失衡程度低的组中，工作需求对心理幸福感没有显著影响，而在工作-生活失衡程度高的组中，其影响是显著且正向的（=0.198， <0.001）。总之，在工作-生活失衡程度低的路径模型中，工作需求不会影响心理幸福感。因此，改善工作-生活失衡的策略可能是减少出勤主义的干预措施的有益组成部分。
