The Fourth Geological Brigade of Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Weifang 261021, China.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Geological Environment Protection of Shandong Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, Weifang 261021, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 23;18(13):6749. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136749.
This study investigated the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in a soil-ginger system and assessed their health risks. To this end, 321 topsoil samples and eight soil samples from a soil profile, and 18 ginger samples with root-soil were collected from a ginger-planting area in the Jing River Basin. The average concentration of heavy metals in the topsoil followed the order: Cr > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd > Hg. In the soil profile, at depths greater than 80 cm, the contents of Cr, Ni, and Zn tended to increase with depth, which may be related to the parent materials, whereas As and Cu contents showed little change. In contrast, Pb content decreased sharply from top to bottom, which may be attributable to external environmental and anthropogenic factors. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd contents in soil are affected by natural sources, Pb and As contents are significantly affected by human activities, and Hg content is affected by farmland irrigation. Combined results of the single pollution index (), geo-accumulation index (), and potential ecological risk assessment ( and ) suggest that soil in the study area is generally not polluted by heavy metals. In ginger, Zn content was the highest (2.36 mg/kg) and Hg content was the lowest (0.0015 mg/kg). Based on the bioconcentration factor, Cd and Zn have high potential for enrichment in ginger. With reference to the limit of heavy metals in tubers, Cr content in ginger exceeds the standard in the study area. Although Cr does not accumulate in ginger, Cr enrichment in soil significantly increases the risk of excessive Cr content in ginger.
本研究调查了土壤-生姜系统中重金属的特征和来源，并评估了它们的健康风险。为此，从锦江河流域生姜种植区采集了 321 个表层土壤样品和 8 个土壤剖面样品，以及 18 个带根-土的生姜样品。表层土壤中重金属的平均浓度顺序为：Cr > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd > Hg。在土壤剖面上，80cm 以下深度，Cr、Ni 和 Zn 的含量随深度增加而增加，这可能与母质有关，而 As 和 Cu 的含量变化不大。相比之下，Pb 含量从顶部到底部急剧下降，这可能归因于外部环境和人为因素。多元统计分析表明，土壤中 Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn 和 Cd 含量受自然源影响，Pb 和 As 含量受人类活动显著影响，Hg 含量受农田灌溉影响。单一污染指数（）、地积累指数（）和潜在生态风险评估（和）的综合结果表明，研究区土壤受重金属污染的情况总体上并不严重。在生姜中，Zn 含量最高（2.36mg/kg），Hg 含量最低（0.0015mg/kg）。基于生物浓缩系数，Cd 和 Zn 对生姜具有高富集潜力。参考块茎中重金属的限量标准，研究区生姜中的 Cr 含量超标。尽管 Cr 不会在生姜中积累，但土壤中 Cr 的富集显著增加了生姜中 Cr 含量过高的风险。
