Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK.
Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK.
Nutrients. 2021 Jun 23;13(7):2157. doi: 10.3390/nu13072157.
Global protein consumption has been increasing for decades due to changes in demographics and consumer shifts towards higher protein intake to gain health benefits in performance nutrition and appetite regulation. Plant-derived proteins may provide a more environmentally sustainable alternative to animal-derived proteins. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate, for the first time, the acute effects on glycaemic indices, gut hormones, and subjective appetite ratings of two high-quality, plant-derived protein isolates (potato and rice), in comparison to a whey protein isolate in a single-blind, triple-crossover design study with nine male participants (30.8 ± 9.3 yrs). Following a 12 h overnight fast, participants consumed an equal volume of the three isocaloric protein shakes on different days, with at least a one-week washout period. Glycaemic indices and gut hormones were measured at baseline, then at 30, 60, 120, 180 min at each visit. Subjective palatability and appetite ratings were measured using visual analogue scales (VAS) over the 3 h, at each visit. This data showed significant differences in insulin secretion with an increase in whey (+141.8 ± 35.1 pmol/L; = 0.011) and rice (-64.4 ± 20.9 pmol/L; = 0.046) at 30 min compared to potato protein. A significantly larger total incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was observed with whey versus potato and rice with < 0.001 and = 0.010, respectively. There was no significant difference observed in average appetite perception between the different proteins. In conclusion, this study suggests that both plant-derived proteins had a lower insulinaemic response and improved glucose maintenance compared to whey protein.
几十年来，由于人口结构的变化和消费者转向更高蛋白质摄入以获得在表现营养和食欲调节方面的健康益处，全球蛋白质消费一直在增长。植物性蛋白质可能为动物性蛋白质提供更具环境可持续性的替代品。因此，这项研究首次旨在调查，在一项单盲、三交叉设计研究中，与乳清蛋白分离物相比，两种高质量的植物性蛋白质分离物（土豆和大米）对血糖指数、肠道激素和主观食欲评分的急性影响，共有 9 名男性参与者（30.8 ± 9.3 岁）。在 12 小时的夜间禁食后，参与者在不同的日子里摄入了三种等热量的蛋白质奶昔，至少有一周的洗脱期。在每次访问时，在基线、30、60、120 和 180 分钟测量血糖指数和肠道激素。在每次访问时，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）在 3 小时内测量主观口感和食欲评分。这项数据显示，与土豆蛋白相比，乳清蛋白（增加 141.8 ± 35.1 pmol/L； = 0.011）和大米蛋白（减少 64.4 ± 20.9 pmol/L； = 0.046）在 30 分钟时胰岛素分泌有显著差异。与土豆蛋白和大米蛋白相比，乳清蛋白的总增量曲线下面积（iAUC）明显更大， < 0.001 和 = 0.010。在不同蛋白质之间，平均食欲感知没有观察到显著差异。总之，这项研究表明，与乳清蛋白相比，两种植物性蛋白质的胰岛素反应较低，血糖维持较好。
