Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Cells. 2021 Jun 6;10(6):1404. doi: 10.3390/cells10061404.
The capacity for long-distance axon regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury is poor in mammals but remarkable in some vertebrates, including fish and salamanders. The cellular and molecular basis of this interspecies difference is beginning to emerge. This includes the identification of target cells that react to the injury and the cues directing their pro-regenerative responses. Among existing models of successful spinal cord regeneration, the zebrafish is arguably the most understood at a mechanistic level to date. Here, we review the spinal cord injury paradigms used in zebrafish, and summarize the breadth of neuron-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors that have been identified to play pivotal roles in the ability of zebrafish to regenerate central nervous system axons and recover function.
在哺乳动物中，远距离轴突再生和脊髓损伤后的功能恢复能力很差，但在一些脊椎动物中却很显著，包括鱼类和蝾螈。这种种间差异的细胞和分子基础开始显现。这包括鉴定对损伤有反应的靶细胞和指导其促再生反应的线索。在现有的成功脊髓再生模型中，斑马鱼可以说是迄今为止在机制水平上理解最透彻的模型。在这里，我们回顾了在斑马鱼中使用的脊髓损伤模型，并总结了已确定在斑马鱼中再生中枢神经系统轴突和恢复功能的能力中起关键作用的神经元内在和外在因素的广泛性。
