Shomal Reem, Ogubadejo Babatunde, Shittu Toyin, Mahmoud Eyas, Du Wei, Al-Zuhair Sulaiman
Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Molecules. 2021 Jun 9;26(12):3512. doi: 10.3390/molecules26123512.
Biodiesel is a promising candidate for sustainable and renewable energy and extensive research is being conducted worldwide to optimize its production process. The employed catalyst is an important parameter in biodiesel production. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are a set of highly porous materials comprising coordinated bonds between metals and organic ligands, have recently been proposed as catalysts. MOFs exhibit high tunability, possess high crystallinity and surface area, and their order can vary from the atomic to the microscale level. However, their catalytic sites are confined inside their porous structure, limiting their accessibility for biodiesel production. Modification of MOF structure by immobilizing enzymes or ionic liquids (ILs) could be a solution to this challenge and can lead to better performance and provide catalytic systems with higher activities. This review compiles the recent advances in catalytic transesterification for biodiesel production using enzymes or ILs. The available literature clearly indicates that MOFs are the most suitable immobilization supports, leading to higher biodiesel production without affecting the catalytic activity while increasing the catalyst stability and reusability in several cycles.
生物柴油是可持续和可再生能源的一个有前途的候选者，世界各地正在进行广泛的研究以优化其生产过程。所使用的催化剂是生物柴油生产中的一个重要参数。金属有机框架（MOFs）是一组高度多孔的材料，由金属和有机配体之间的配位键组成，最近被提议作为催化剂。MOFs具有高度的可调性，具有高结晶度和高表面积，其有序度可以从原子尺度变化到微观尺度。然而，它们的催化位点局限于其多孔结构内部，限制了它们在生物柴油生产中的可及性。通过固定化酶或离子液体（ILs）对MOF结构进行修饰可能是应对这一挑战的一个解决方案，并且可以带来更好的性能，并为催化系统提供更高的活性。这篇综述汇编了使用酶或ILs进行生物柴油生产的催化酯交换反应的最新进展。现有文献清楚地表明，MOFs是最合适的固定化载体，在不影响催化活性的情况下能实现更高的生物柴油产量，同时提高催化剂的稳定性和在多个循环中的可重复使用性。
