Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.
Institute of Computer Technology and Information Security, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
J Healthc Eng. 2021 Jun 14;2021:8085530. doi: 10.1155/2021/8085530. eCollection 2021.
In this day and age, 17% of children less than 5 years of age died of pneumonia; it is the common cause of children death. It is one of the main children respiratory infectious diseases, i.e., mycoplasma pneumonia (MP). The imaging examination can be adopted to quickly observe the morphology and scope of the pulmonary lesions and know the effect of disease treatment and subsequent changes in the disease in order to provide a basis for treatment. Therefore, the most commonly applied technology for detecting pneumonia in children is imaging technology, including chest X-ray and CT.
The main objective of the work is to investigate the chest computed tomography (CT) findings of children patients with pneumonia (MPP) and MP combined with streptococcal pneumonia (SP). The mixed infection of MP and SP is very common clinically, and the diagnosis of this type of mixed pneumonia is a critical research topic faced by pediatric respiratory physicians. The comparison is done on the incidence of bronchial and pulmonary interstitial lesions, the degree of lymph node enlargement, the volume and depth of pleural effusion, and the location and morphology of the pulmonary lesions in the chest CT images of children patients from the two groups.
There were comparisons on the incidence of bronchial and pulmonary interstitial lesions, the degree of lymph node enlargement, the volume and depth of pleural effusion, and the location and morphology of the pulmonary lesions in the chest CT images of children patients from the two groups. All the experiments are done in the MATLAB.
The results showed that the proportions of reticular shadow, ground glass shadow, bronchial inflation phase, tube wall thickening, and vascular bundle thickening on the CT images of children patients from the MPP group were dramatically higher than those of the MP + SP group ( < 0.05). The maximum transverse diameter of enlarged lymph node in children patients from the MPP group was obviously larger than the diameter of the MP + SP group ( < 0.05). The number of children patients with pleural effusion was 22 in the MP + SP group, which was greatly higher than the MPP group ( < 0.05).
In conclusion, the chest CT images of children patients from the MPP group were mainly pulmonary interstitial changes. Furthermore, the alveolar inflammation could be observed on the CT images shown when children patients were combined with SP infection. The more obvious manifestations were that the flaky shadows appeared in the lungs, the pleural effusion became thicker, and the transverse diameters of enlarged lymph nodes were bigger.
在当今时代，5 岁以下儿童中有 17%死于肺炎；它是儿童死亡的常见原因。它是儿童主要的呼吸道传染病之一，即支原体肺炎（MP）。影像学检查可快速观察肺部病变的形态和范围，了解疾病治疗效果及疾病后续变化，为治疗提供依据。因此，目前用于检测儿童肺炎最常用的技术是影像学技术，包括胸部 X 线和 CT。
本研究的主要目的是探讨儿童肺炎（MPP）和肺炎支原体（MP）合并链球菌肺炎（SP）的胸部 CT 表现。MP 和 SP 的混合感染在临床上非常常见，这种混合性肺炎的诊断是儿科呼吸医师面临的一个关键研究课题。比较两组儿童患者支气管和肺间质病变的发生率、淋巴结肿大程度、胸腔积液量和深度、以及胸部 CT 图像中肺病变的位置和形态。
比较两组儿童患者的支气管和肺间质病变发生率、淋巴结肿大程度、胸腔积液量和深度、以及胸部 CT 图像中肺病变的位置和形态。所有实验均在 MATLAB 中进行。
结果显示，MPP 组患儿 CT 图像上网状阴影、磨玻璃影、支气管充气征、支气管壁增厚、血管束增厚的比例明显高于 MP+SP 组（<0.05）。MPP 组患儿淋巴结肿大的最大横径明显大于 MP+SP 组（<0.05）。MP+SP 组胸腔积液患儿 22 例，明显多于 MPP 组（<0.05）。
综上所述，MPP 组患儿的胸部 CT 图像主要表现为肺间质改变，合并 SP 感染时 CT 图像上可观察到肺泡炎症，表现为肺部片状阴影更明显，胸腔积液更厚，肿大淋巴结的横径更大。
