Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, Washington, DC.
Indian School of Business, Hyderabad, India.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2021 Oct;1502(1):110-120. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14657. Epub 2021 Jul 15.
Only an estimated 62% of Indian children under the age of 2 years are fully immunized. We examined the association between India's Mission Indradhanush (MI)-a periodic intensification of the routine immunization program-which was implemented in phases across districts between March 2015 and July 2017, and routine vaccination coverage and timeliness among children. We used data from a 2015 to 2016 national survey of children (n = 29,532) and employed difference-in-difference regressions to examine binary indicators of receipt of 11 vaccines and whether vaccines were received at recommended ages. The full immunization rate was 27% higher among children under 2 years old residing in MI phase 1 and 2 districts (intervention group) as compared with those residing elsewhere (control group). The rate of receiving all vaccines at recommended ages was 8% higher in the intervention group. Receiving doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV) birth dose, OPV dose 1 (OPV1), OPV2, OPV3, bacillus Calmette-Guérin, and hepatitis B birth dose vaccines were 9%, 9%, 11%, 16%, 5%, and 19% higher in the intervention group than the control group, respectively. More research is required on the cost-effectiveness of investing in MI-type programs as compared with routine immunization.
只有大约 62%的 2 岁以下印度儿童得到了完全免疫。我们研究了印度 Mission Indradhanush（MI）计划的实施情况与儿童常规疫苗接种覆盖率和及时性之间的关联，该计划于 2015 年 3 月至 2017 年 7 月分阶段在各地区实施。我们使用了 2015 年至 2016 年一项全国儿童调查的数据（n=29532），并采用差分法回归分析来检验是否接种 11 种疫苗的二项指标以及疫苗是否按推荐年龄接种。与居住在其他地区（对照组）的儿童相比，居住在 MI 计划第 1 阶段和第 2 阶段地区（干预组）的 2 岁以下儿童的完全免疫率高出 27%。在干预组中，所有疫苗均按推荐年龄接种的比例高出 8%。与对照组相比，干预组的口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）出生剂量、OPV1 剂量、OPV2 剂量、OPV3 剂量、卡介苗和乙肝出生剂量疫苗的接种率分别高出 9%、9%、11%、16%、5%和 19%。与常规免疫相比，需要进一步研究投资于 MI 类型计划的成本效益。
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