Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, Yichang Key Laboratory of Omics-Based Breeding for Chinese Medicines, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
Planta. 2021 Jul 21;254(2):33. doi: 10.1007/s00425-021-03683-4.
The possible molecular mechanisms regulating sorghum callus regeneration were revealed by RNA-sequencing. Plant callus regeneration has been widely applied in agricultural improvement. Recently, callus regeneration has been successfully applied in the genetic transformation of sorghum by using immature sorghum embryos as explants. However, the mechanism underlying callus regeneration in sorghum is still largely unknown. Here, we describe three types of callus (Callus I-III) with different redifferentiation abilities undergoing distinct induction from immature embryos of the Hiro-1 variety. Compared with nonembryonic Callus III, Callus I produced only some identifiable roots, and embryonic Callus II was sufficient to regenerate whole plants. Genome-wide transcriptome profiles were generated to reveal the underlying mechanisms. The numbers of differentially expressed genes for the three types of callus varied from 5906 to 8029. In accordance with the diverse regeneration abilities observed for different types of callus and leaf tissues, the principal component analysis revealed that the gene expression patterns of Callus I and Callus II were different from those of Callus III and leaves regenerated from Callus II. Notably, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses, pharmacological treatment, and substance content determinations revealed that plant ribosomes, lignin metabolic processes, and metabolism of starch and sucrose were significantly enriched, suggesting that these factors are associated with callus regeneration. These results helped elucidate the molecular regulation of three types of callus with different regeneration abilities in sorghum.
通过 RNA 测序揭示了调控高粱愈伤组织再生的可能分子机制。植物愈伤组织再生已广泛应用于农业改良。最近，通过使用不成熟的高粱胚作为外植体，成功地将愈伤组织再生应用于高粱的遗传转化。然而，高粱愈伤组织再生的机制在很大程度上仍然未知。在这里，我们描述了三种具有不同再分化能力的愈伤组织（愈伤组织 I-III），它们从 Hiro-1 品种的不成熟胚胎中经历不同的诱导。与非胚胎性愈伤组织 III 相比，愈伤组织 I 仅产生一些可识别的根，而胚胎性愈伤组织 II 足以再生整个植株。生成了全基因组转录组谱以揭示潜在的机制。三种愈伤组织的差异表达基因数量从 5906 到 8029 不等。与不同类型愈伤组织和叶片组织观察到的不同再生能力一致，主成分分析表明，愈伤组织 I 和 II 的基因表达模式与愈伤组织 III 和由愈伤组织 II 再生的叶片不同。值得注意的是，京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）和基因本体论（GO）分析、药理学处理和物质含量测定表明，植物核糖体、木质素代谢过程以及淀粉和蔗糖代谢显著富集，表明这些因素与愈伤组织再生有关。这些结果有助于阐明高粱三种具有不同再生能力的愈伤组织的分子调控。
