Timson J
Mutat Res. 1977;47(1):1-52. doi: 10.1016/0165-1110(77)90016-1.
Most of the population of the world is exposed to caffeine to a greater or lesser extent since it occurs in a number of plants used in the preparation of widely consumed drinks, and has in addition a limited therapeutic use. Chromosomal abnormalities are induced by caffeine in both plant cells and in mammalian cells in culture and it also has some anti-mitotic activity. DNA-repair processes sensitive to caffeine have been demonstrated in a number of cell systems and it has been shown to affect a wide range of other cellular processes. Caffeine has potent mutagenic effects in Escherichia coli and other micro-organisms both when acting alone and in combination with other mutagens. However its mutagenic activity in Drosophila has been disputed and the available evidence suggests that it is neither mutagenic in mammals nor synergistic with other mutagens although at very high doses it appears to have some teratogenic activity in mammals.
世界上大多数人都或多或少接触到咖啡因，因为它存在于许多用于制备广泛饮用饮品的植物中，此外还有有限的治疗用途。咖啡因在植物细胞和培养的哺乳动物细胞中都会诱发染色体异常，并且它还具有一定的抗有丝分裂活性。在许多细胞系统中都已证明存在对咖啡因敏感的DNA修复过程，并且已表明它会影响广泛的其他细胞过程。咖啡因在单独作用以及与其他诱变剂联合作用时，对大肠杆菌和其他微生物都有很强的诱变作用。然而，它在果蝇中的诱变活性一直存在争议，现有证据表明它在哺乳动物中既不具有诱变作用，也不会与其他诱变剂产生协同作用，不过在非常高的剂量下，它似乎在哺乳动物中具有一定的致畸活性。
