Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Br J Nutr. 2022 Oct 14;128(7):1401-1412. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521002762. Epub 2021 Jul 23.
During the first 1000 d of life, gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) are considered critical determinants of nutritional status. This study examined the effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) during pregnancy on GWG and PPWR at 2 and 6 months among women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), using data from the Mother-Infant Study Cohort. The latter is a prospective study, for which pregnant women were recruited ( 243) during their third trimester and were followed up for 18 months. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements were obtained. An eighty-six-item FFQ was used to examine dietary intake during pregnancy. Adherence to the MD was assessed using the alternate MD (aMED) and the Lebanese MD (LMD). Adherence to the MD, PPWR (2 months) and PPWR (6 months) were considered high if participants belonged to the third tertile of the respective measures. Results indicated that 57·5 % of participants had excessive GWG while 50·7 % and 45 % retained ≥ 5 kg at 2 and 6 months postpartum, respectively. After adjustment, adherence to both MD scores was associated with lower odds of excessive GWG (aMED, OR:0·41, 95 % CI:0·18, 0·93; LMD, OR:0·40, 95 % CI: 0·16, 0·98). Adherence to MD was also associated with PPWR (aMED: OR: 0·23, 95 % CI: 0·06, 0·88) and PPWR (aMED OR:0·26; 95 % CI:0·08-0·86; LMD, OR:0·32; 95 % CI: 0·1, 0·98). The findings of this study showed that adherence to the MD may reduce GWG and PPWR and, hence, underscored the importance of promoting the MD for better health of the mother and infant.
在生命的头 1000 天里，妊娠期体重增加（GWG）和产后体重滞留（PPWR）被认为是营养状况的关键决定因素。本研究使用来自阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）母婴研究队列的数据，考察了孕妇在怀孕期间遵循地中海饮食（MD）对 GWG 和产后 2 个月和 6 个月体重滞留的影响。后者是一项前瞻性研究，在妊娠晚期招募了（243）名孕妇，并随访了 18 个月。获取了社会人口统计学特征和人体测量学测量数据。使用 86 项食物频率问卷来检查怀孕期间的饮食摄入情况。使用替代 MD（aMED）和黎巴嫩 MD（LMD）评估 MD 的依从性。如果参与者属于各自措施的第三三分位数，则认为 MD 依从性高（PPWR（2 个月）和 PPWR（6 个月））。结果表明，57.5%的参与者存在过度 GWG，而 50.7%和 45%分别在产后 2 个月和 6 个月时保留≥5kg。调整后，两种 MD 评分的依从性均与过度 GWG 的几率较低相关（aMED，OR：0.41，95%CI：0.18，0.93；LMD，OR：0.40，95%CI：0.16，0.98）。MD 依从性也与 PPWR（aMED：OR：0.23，95%CI：0.06，0.88）和 PPWR（aMED OR：0.26；95%CI：0.08-0.86；LMD，OR：0.32；95%CI：0.1，0.98）有关。本研究的结果表明，MD 的依从性可能会降低 GWG 和 PPWR，从而强调了促进 MD 对母婴健康的重要性。
